{"doi":"10.1093/ijnp/pyaa069","title":"A Delta-Opioid Receptor Gene Polymorphism Moderates the Therapeutic Response to Extended-Release Buprenorphine in Opioid Use Disorder","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Buprenorphine treatment is not equally effective in all patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). Two retrospective studies showed that, among African Americans (AAs), rs678849, a polymorphism in the delta-opioid receptor gene, moderated the therapeutic effect of sublingual buprenorphine. METHODS: We examined rs678849 as a moderator of the response to an extended-release subcutaneous buprenorphine formulation (BUP-XR) in a 24-week OUD treatment study of 127 AAs and 327 European Americans (EAs). Participants were randomly assigned to receive: (1) BUP-XR as 2 monthly injections of 300 mg followed by either 300 mg monthly or 100 mg monthly for 4 months, or (2) monthly volume-matched placebo injections. Generalized estimating equations logistic regression analyses tested, per population group, the main and interaction effects of treatment (BUP-XR vs placebo) and genotype group (rs678849*CC vs CT/TT) on weekly urine drug screens (UDS). RESULTS: Among AAs, the placebo group had higher rates of opioid-positive UDS than the BUP-XR group (log odds ratio = 1.67, 95% CI = 0.36, 2.98), but no genotype by treatment effect (P = .80). Among EAs, the placebo group also showed higher rates of opioid-positive UDS than the BUP-XR group (log odds ratio = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.14, 2.79) but a significant genotype by treatment interaction (χ 2(1) = 4.33, P = .04). CONCLUSION: We found a moderating effect of rs678849 on the response to buprenorphine treatment of OUD in EAs, but not AAs. These findings require replication in well-powered, prospective studies of both AA and EA OUD patients treated with BUP-XR and stratified on rs678849 genotype.","journal":"The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology","year":2020,"id":81408,"datarank":0.5542080759631395,"base_score":2.70805020110221,"endowment":2.70805020110221,"self_citation_contribution":0.40620753016533157,"citation_network_contribution":0.1480005457978079,"self_endowment_contribution":0.40620753016533157,"citer_contribution":0.1480005457978079,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":14,"citer_count":10,"citers_with_citation_signal":7,"citers_with_endowment":7,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.956,"is_data_producer":true,"deposit_databanks":{"ClinicalTrials.gov":["NCT02357901"]},"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":341598,"name":"Kevin G. Lynch","orcid":"0000-0002-0426-0323","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":57631,"name":"Richard C. Crist","orcid":"0000-0001-9461-1256","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420847,"name":"Emily E. Hartwell","orcid":"0000-0002-5137-9714","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":421494,"name":"Anne Le Moigne","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420848,"name":"Céline M. Laffont","orcid":"0000-0001-8345-5980","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":421495,"name":"Anne C. Andorn","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":11401,"name":"Henry R. Kranzler","orcid":"0000-0002-1018-0450","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":28,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:52:34.401799Z","pmid":"32920647","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}