{"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae246","title":"Relationships Between <i>APOE</i>, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease in Postmenopausal Women","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are well-established risk factors for dementia. Relationships between APOE and incidence of T2DM and CVD are not fully understood but may shed light on the mechanisms underlying dementia pathogenesis. METHODS: Postmenopausal women (N = 6 795) from the Women's Health Initiative hormone therapy clinical trial with APOE genotyping and no prior diagnosis of T2DM or CVD were included. We examined associations of APOE status (APOE2+ [ε2/ε2, ε2/ε3], APOE3 [ε3/ε3], and APOE4+ [ε4/ε4, ε3/ε4] carriers) with incidence of T2DM, coronary heart disease, stroke, and total CVD events using Cox regression. CVD outcomes were examined in baseline non-statin users and adjusted for statin initiation over follow-up to account for possible confounding by statins. RESULTS: Among all participants (mean age 66.7 ± 6.5 years, 100% non-Hispanic White), 451 (6.6%) were using statins at baseline. Over the follow-up (mean 14.9 and 16.0 years for T2DM and CVD, respectively), 1 564 participants developed T2DM and 1 578 developed CVD. T2DM incidence did not differ significantly by APOE status (ps ≥ .09). Among non-statin users, APOE4+ had higher incidence of total CVD (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.18 [1.02-1.38], p = .03) compared with APOE3 carriers, but risks for coronary heart disease (1.09 [0.87-1.36], p = .47) and stroke (1.14 [0.91-1.44], p = .27) were not significantly elevated when examined individually. CVD outcomes did not differ between APOE2+ and APOE3 carriers (ps ≥ 0.11). CONCLUSIONS: T2DM risk did not differ by APOE status among postmenopausal women, but APOE4+ carriers not using statins had an increased risk of total CVD events.","journal":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A","year":2024,"id":456603,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8515,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":612037,"name":"Ira Driscoll","orcid":"0000-0002-1737-3343","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226606,"name":"Mark A. Espeland","orcid":"0000-0002-3711-1949","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":258460,"name":"Kathleen M. Hayden","orcid":"0000-0002-7745-3513","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":281196,"name":"Simin Liu","orcid":"0000-0003-2098-3844","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":305546,"name":"Rami Nassir","orcid":"0000-0001-9914-7851","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":717112,"name":"Ginny Natale","orcid":"0000-0003-0837-4835","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":272433,"name":"Aladdin H. Shadyab","orcid":"0000-0002-9693-0522","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":176616,"name":"JO ANN E. MANSON","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":723008,"name":"Michelle M. Dunk","orcid":"0000-0003-1927-2818","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":51,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:03:32.516678Z","pmid":"39364911","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}