{"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glad133","title":"Racial and Ethnic Differences in Self-Reported COVID-19 Exposure Risks, Concerns, and Behaviors Among Diverse Participants in the Women’s Health Initiative Study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Racial and ethnic disparities in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk are well-documented; however, few studies in older adults have examined multiple factors related to COVID-19 exposure, concerns, and behaviors or conducted race- and ethnicity-stratified analyses. The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) provides a unique opportunity to address those gaps. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of WHI data from a supplemental survey of 48 492 older adults (mean age 84 years). In multivariable-adjusted modified Poisson regression analyses, we examined predisposing factors and COVID-19 exposure risk, concerns, and behaviors. We hypothesized that women from minoritized racial or ethnic groups, compared to non-Hispanic White women, would be more likely to report: exposure to COVID-19, a family or friend dying from COVID-19, difficulty getting routine medical care or deciding to forego care to avoid COVID-19 exposure, and having concerns about the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS: Asian women and non-Hispanic Black/African American women had a higher risk of being somewhat/very concerned about risk of getting COVID-19 compared to non-Hispanic White women and each was significantly more likely than non-Hispanic White women to report forgoing medical care to avoid COVID-19 exposure. However, Asian women were 35% less likely than non-Hispanic White women to report difficulty getting routine medical care since March 2020 (adjusted relative risk 0.65; 95% confidence interval 0.57, 0.75). CONCLUSIONS: We documented COVID-related racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 exposure risk, concerns, and care-related behaviors that disfavored minoritized racial and ethnic groups, particularly non-Hispanic Black/African American women.","journal":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A","year":2023,"id":407948,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9432,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":530332,"name":"Rebecca Hunt","orcid":"0000-0003-2643-4205","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":260601,"name":"Khadijah Breathett","orcid":"0000-0001-5397-6419","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":400203,"name":"Charles B. Eaton","orcid":"0000-0002-7723-9461","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":383464,"name":"Lorena García","orcid":"0000-0002-9976-761X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":91399,"name":"Monik C. Jiménez","orcid":"0000-0002-9782-2777","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":376586,"name":"Tanya S. Johns","orcid":"0000-0001-9480-5990","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":546386,"name":"Charles P. Mouton","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":305546,"name":"Rami Nassir","orcid":"0000-0001-9914-7851","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":771295,"name":"Tomas Nuño","orcid":"0000-0003-1729-0705","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":342797,"name":"Rachel Peragallo Urrutia","orcid":"0000-0002-1398-5123","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":243122,"name":"Jean Wactawski‐Wende","orcid":"0000-0003-3096-9595","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":411566,"name":"Crystal W. Cené","orcid":"0000-0001-8512-9441","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1187230,"name":"Serenity J Bennett","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":46,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:21:14.562812Z","pmid":"37267463","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}