{"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glac026","title":"Pulmonary Function in Midlife as a Predictor of Later-Life Cognition: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Adults (CARDIA) Study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Studies found associations between pulmonary function (PF) and cognition, but these are limited by mostly cross-sectional design and a single measure of PF (typically forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1]). Our objective was to prospectively analyze the association of repeatedly measured PF with cognition. METHODS: We studied 3 499 participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults cohort with cognition measured at year 25 (Y25) and Y30, and PF (FEV1 and forced vital capacity [FVC], reflecting better PF) measured up to 6 times from Y0 to Y20. Cognition was measured via Stroop test, Rey-Auditory Verbal Learning Test [RAVLT], and digit symbol substitution test [DSST], which capture executive function, verbal learning and memory, and attention and psychomotor speed, respectively; lower Stroop, and higher RAVLT and DSST scores indicate better cognition. We modeled linear, cross-sectional associations between cognition and PF at Y30 (mean age 55), and mixed models to examine associations between cognition at Y25-Y30 and longitudinal PF (both annual rate of change, and cumulative PF from Y0 to Y20). RESULTS: At Y30, FEV1 and FVC were cross-sectionally associated with all 3 measures of cognition (β = 0.08-0.12, p < .01-.02). Annual change from peak FEV1/FVC ratio was associated with Stroop and DSST (β = 18.06, 95% CI = 7.71-28.40; β = 10.30, 95% CI = 0.26-20.34, respectively), but not RAVLT. Cumulative FEV1 and FVC were associated with Stroop and DSST (β = 0.07-0.12, p < .01-.02), but only cumulative FEV1 was associated with RAVLT (β = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.00-0.14). CONCLUSIONS: We identified prospective associations between measures of PF and cognition even at middle ages, adding evidence of a prospective association between reduced PF and cognitive decline.","journal":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A","year":2022,"id":283115,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7606,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":959530,"name":"Xuefen Chen","orcid":"0000-0001-5906-3450","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":55010,"name":"Kristine Yaffe","orcid":"0000-0003-0919-3825","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":492325,"name":"B.E. Henkle","orcid":"0000-0002-7667-3362","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":666562,"name":"Tao Gao","orcid":"0000-0002-9462-9349","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":291153,"name":"Yinan Zheng","orcid":"0000-0002-2006-7320","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":233262,"name":"Ravi Kalhan","orcid":"0000-0003-2443-0876","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":106131,"name":"George R. Washko","orcid":"0000-0002-2712-0569","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":382671,"name":"Ken M. Kunisaki","orcid":"0000-0001-8644-2827","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":303810,"name":"Bharat Thyagarajan","orcid":"0000-0001-6968-6985","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":429434,"name":"Myron D. Gross","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":65159,"name":"DAVID R. JACOBS","orcid":"0000-0002-7232-0543","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":73090,"name":"Donald M. Lloyd‐Jones","orcid":"0000-0003-0847-6110","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":367076,"name":"Kiang Liu","orcid":"0000-0001-7357-1507","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":305267,"name":"Stephen Sidney","orcid":"0000-0001-7454-5036","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":218546,"name":"Lifang Hou","orcid":"0000-0003-4877-0031","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":371007,"name":"Brian Joyce","orcid":"0000-0002-5271-6161","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":40,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:29:23.777809Z","pmid":"35106576","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}