{"doi":"10.1093/gerona/glab097","title":"Cardiometabolic Conditions and All-Cause Dementia Among American Indian and Alaska Native People","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are modifiable lifestyle-related cardiometabolic conditions associated with dementia. Yet, little is known regarding these associations among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) people. Thus, we examined the association of diabetes, hypertension, and CVD with all-cause dementia among AI/ANs aged 65 years and older. METHOD: This was a cross-sectional analysis of the Indian Health Service Improving Health Care Delivery Data Project. Our study population was a 1:1 matched sample of 4 074 AI/ANs aged 65 years and older and Indian Health Service active users during fiscal year 2013. We employed International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnostic codes for all-cause dementia, hypertension, and CVD. Diabetes was measured with a validated algorithm to identify adults with diabetes that uses diagnoses, laboratory test results, and medication criteria. RESULTS: Multivariable analyses revealed that diabetes and CVD were associated with increased odds of all-cause dementia and hypertension was not. Cardiovascular disease types associated with all-cause dementia differed with cerebrovascular disease having the strongest association. Analyses stratified by gender revealed that diabetes and CVD were associated with increased odds of all-cause dementia for women and only CVD was associated with all-cause dementia for men. CONCLUSIONS: Training and support of primary care clinicians, addressing cultural considerations, and ensuring inclusion of AI/ANs in research are steps that could help meet AI/AN people's needs. Our findings underscore to the importance of improved management and control of diabetes and CVD, which may lead to the prevention of dementia among older AI/ANs.","journal":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A","year":2021,"id":190802,"datarank":0.3958585994422889,"base_score":2.639057329615259,"endowment":2.639057329615259,"self_citation_contribution":0.3958585994422889,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.3958585994422889,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":13,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.931,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":755616,"name":"Blythe Winchester","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":755162,"name":"Luohua Jiang","orcid":"0000-0002-2281-7260","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":718880,"name":"Laura Grau","orcid":"0000-0002-6112-6411","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":755163,"name":"Maggie Reid","orcid":"0000-0002-5458-2902","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":308297,"name":"María M. Corrada","orcid":"0000-0002-8168-8593","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":463316,"name":"Spero M. Manson","orcid":"0000-0001-6194-1961","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":755164,"name":"Joan O’Connell","orcid":"0000-0003-3498-1153","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":755161,"name":"R. Turner Goins","orcid":"0000-0001-6875-1263","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":36,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:49:26.966524Z","pmid":"33824987","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}