{"doi":"10.1093/g3journal/jkae184","title":"<i>T</i> and <i>Z</i> , partial seed coat patterning genes in common bean, provide insight into the structure and protein interactions of a plant MBW complex","abstract":"Flavonoids are secondary metabolites associated with plant seed coat and flower color. These compounds provide health benefits to humans as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds. The expression of the late biosynthetic genes in the flavonoid pathway is controlled by a ternary MBW protein complex consisting of interfacing MYB, beta-helix-loop-helix (bHLH), and WD40 Repeat (WDR) proteins. P, the master regulator gene of the flavonoid expression in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), was recently determined to encode a bHLH protein. The T and Z genes control the distribution of color in bean seeds and flowers and have historically been considered regulators of the flavonoid gene expression. T and Z candidates were identified using reverse genetics based on genetic mapping, phylogenetic analysis, and mutant analysis. Domain and AlphaFold2 structure analyses determined that T encodes a seven-bladed β-propeller WDR protein, while Z encodes a R2R3 MYB protein. Deletions and SNPs in T and Z mutants, respectively, altered the 3D structure of these proteins. Modeling of the Z MYB/P bHLH/T WDR MBW complex identified interfacing sequence domains and motifs in all three genes that are conserved in dicots. One Z MYB motif is a possible beta-molecular recognition feature (β-MoRF) that only appears in a structured state when Z MYB is modeled as a component of a MBW complex. Complexes containing mutant T and Z proteins changed the interaction of members of the complex in ways that would alter their role in regulating the expression of genes in the flavonoid pathway.","journal":"G3 Genes Genomes Genetics","year":2024,"id":438921,"datarank":0.3596842909197557,"base_score":2.3978952727983707,"endowment":2.3978952727983707,"self_citation_contribution":0.3596842909197557,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.3596842909197557,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":10,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.96,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1249074,"name":"Jayanta Roy","orcid":"0000-0003-3390-958X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":512882,"name":"Christopher L. Colbert","orcid":"0000-0001-9577-9544","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1249525,"name":"Caroline Osborne","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1249526,"name":"Rian Lee","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1249075,"name":"Phillip N. Miklas","orcid":"0000-0002-6636-454X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1249076,"name":"Juan M. Osorno","orcid":"0000-0003-0905-3523","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1249073,"name":"Phillip E. McClean","orcid":"0000-0002-4809-0864","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":74,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:00:43.618468Z","pmid":"39167608","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}