{"doi":"10.1093/eurjpc/zwae332","title":"Comparison of exercise training modalities and change in peak oxygen consumption in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a secondary analysis of the OptimEx-Clin trial","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Exercise training (ET) is an effective therapy in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), but the influence of different ET characteristics is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the associations between ET frequency, duration, intensity [% heart rate reserve (%HRR)] and estimated energy expenditure (EEE) with the change in peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2) over 3 months of moderate continuous training (MCT, 5×/week) or high-intensity interval training (HIIT, 3×/week) in HFpEF.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>ET duration and heart rate (HR) were recorded with a smartphone application. EEE was calculated using the HR data during ET and the individual HR-V̇O2 relationships during cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Differences between groups and associations between ET characteristics and peak V̇O2 change were assessed with linear regression analyses. Peak V̇O2 improved by 9.2 ± 13.2% after MCT and 8.7 ± 15.9% after HIIT (P = 0.67). The average EEE of 1 HIIT session was equivalent to ∼1.42 MCT sessions and when adjusted for EEE, the mean difference between MCT and HIIT was –0.1% (P = 0.98). For both MCT and HIIT, peak V̇O2 change was positively associated with ET frequency (MCT: R2 = 0.103; HIIT: R2 = 0.149) and duration/week (MCT: R2 = 0.120; HIIT: R2 = 0.125; all P &amp;lt; 0.05). Average %HRR was negatively associated with peak V̇O2 change in MCT (R2 = 0.101; P = 0.034), whereas no significant association was found in HIIT (P = 0.234). Multiple regression analyses explained ∼1/3 of the variance in peak V̇O2 change.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In HFpEF, isocaloric HIIT and MCT seem to be equally effective over 3 months. Within each mode, increasing ET frequency or duration/week may be more effective to improve peak V̇O2 than increasing ET intensity.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>","journal":"European Journal of Preventive Cardiology","year":2025,"id":653539,"datarank":0.4566783656585135,"base_score":3.044522437723423,"endowment":3.044522437723423,"self_citation_contribution":0.4566783656585135,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.4566783656585135,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":20,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1705225,"name":"Marina Kabelac","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1705226,"name":"Isabel Fegers-Wustrow","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1705227,"name":"Ephraim B Winzer","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1705228,"name":"Andreas B Gevaert","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1705229,"name":"Paul Beckers","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":173016,"name":"Bernhard Haller","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":754398,"name":"Frank Edelmann","orcid":"0000-0003-4401-5936","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1705230,"name":"Jeffrey W Christle","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1705231,"name":"Mark J Haykowsky","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":280938,"name":"Vandana Sachdev","orcid":"0000-0002-1168-5055","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1293206,"name":"Dalane W Kitzman","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1705232,"name":"Axel Linke","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1705233,"name":"Volker Adams","orcid":null,"position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1705234,"name":"Ulrik Wisloff","orcid":null,"position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2624,"name":"Burkert Pieske","orcid":"0000-0002-6466-5306","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1705235,"name":"Emeline van Craenenbroeck","orcid":null,"position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":615510,"name":"Martin Halle","orcid":"0000-0002-6222-956X","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1705224,"name":"Stephan Mueller","orcid":"0000-0003-4890-3981","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Comparison of exercise training modalities and change in peak oxygen consumption in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a secondary analysis of the OptimEx-Clin trial","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Exercise training (ET) is an effective therapy in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), but the influence of different ET characteristics is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the associations between ET frequency, duration, intensity [% heart rate reserve (%HRR)] and estimated energy expenditure (EEE) with the change in peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2) over 3 months of moderate continuous training (MCT, 5×/week) or high-intensity interval training (HIIT, 3×/week) in HFpEF.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>ET duration and heart rate (HR) were recorded with a smartphone application. EEE was calculated using the HR data during ET and the individual HR-V̇O2 relationships during cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Differences between groups and associations between ET characteristics and peak V̇O2 change were assessed with linear regression analyses. Peak V̇O2 improved by 9.2 ± 13.2% after MCT and 8.7 ± 15.9% after HIIT (P = 0.67). The average EEE of 1 HIIT session was equivalent to ∼1.42 MCT sessions and when adjusted for EEE, the mean difference between MCT and HIIT was –0.1% (P = 0.98). For both MCT and HIIT, peak V̇O2 change was positively associated with ET frequency (MCT: R2 = 0.103; HIIT: R2 = 0.149) and duration/week (MCT: R2 = 0.120; HIIT: R2 = 0.125; all P &amp;lt; 0.05). Average %HRR was negatively associated with peak V̇O2 change in MCT (R2 = 0.101; P = 0.034), whereas no significant association was found in HIIT (P = 0.234). Multiple regression analyses explained ∼1/3 of the variance in peak V̇O2 change.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In HFpEF, isocaloric HIIT and MCT seem to be equally effective over 3 months. Within each mode, increasing ET frequency or duration/week may be more effective to improve peak V̇O2 than increasing ET intensity.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.9444389791664403,"endowment":2.9444389791664403,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"39453789","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4403749954","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"European Commission, Framework Program","grant_id":"EU 602405-2","title":null},{"funder_name":"DZHK","grant_id":"81Z0600603","title":null},{"funder_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","grant_id":"unidentified","title":"unidentified"},{"funder_name":"DFG","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"TUM International Graduate School of Science and Engineering","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"IGSSE","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"German Centre for Cardiovascular Research","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"DFG","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"TUM International Graduate School of Science and Engineering","grant_id":"","title":null},{"funder_name":"IGSSE","grant_id":"","title":null}],"total_grants":13,"fwci":9.7409,"citation_percentile":0.98298893,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2024,"count":1},{"year":2025,"count":10},{"year":2026,"count":7}],"oa_status":"hybrid","license":"cc-by-nc","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/article-pdf/32/11/926/60093840/zwae332.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/article-pdf/32/11/926/60093840/zwae332.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/eurjpc/zwae332/60093840/zwae332.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwae332","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39453789","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1793322","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://repository.uantwerpen.be/docstore/d:irua:26926","host_type":""},{"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10067/2104700151162165141","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Cardiovascular and exercise physiology","Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors","03 medical and health sciences","0302 clinical medicine","Aged","Female","Humans","Male","Middle Aged","Energy Metabolism","Exercise Therapy","Exercise Tolerance","Heart Failure","Heart Rate","High-Intensity Interval Training","Oxygen Consumption","Recovery of Function","Stroke Volume","Time Factors","Treatment Outcome","Ventricular Function, Left"],"mesh_terms":["High-Intensity Interval Training","Aged","Energy Metabolism","Exercise Therapy","Female","Heart Failure","Heart Rate","Humans","Male","Middle Aged","Oxygen Consumption","Stroke Volume","Time Factors","Ventricular Function, Left","Treatment Outcome","Exercise Tolerance","Recovery of Function"],"keywords":["Medicine","Ejection fraction","Heart failure","VO2 max","Cardiology","Modalities","Physical therapy","Internal medicine","Heart rate","Blood pressure","Intensity","Exercise capacity","Duration","Energy Expenditure","Diastolic Heart Failure","High-intensity Interval Training","Male","Exercise Tolerance","Time Factors","Stroke Volume","Recovery of Function","Middle Aged","Ventricular Function, Left","Exercise Therapy","Oxygen Consumption","Treatment Outcome","Humans","Female","Human medicine","Energy Metabolism","Aged"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-10T22:33:25.830861Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}