{"doi":"10.1093/ehjacc/zuab046","title":"A-lines and B-lines in patients with acute heart failure","abstract":"AIMS: Lung ultrasound (LUS) relies on detecting artefacts, including A-lines and B-lines, when assessing dyspnoeic patients. A-lines are horizontal artefacts and characterize normal lung, whereas multiple vertical B-lines are associated with increased lung density. We sought to assess the prevalence of A-lines and B-lines in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) and examine their clinical correlates and their relationship with outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a prospective cohort study of adults with AHF, eight-zone LUS and echocardiography were performed early during the hospitalization and pre-discharge at an imaging depth of 18 cm. A- and B-lines were analysed separately off-line, blinded to clinical and outcome data. Of 164 patients [median age 71 years, 61% men, mean ejection fraction (EF) 40%], the sum of A-lines at baseline ranged from 0 to 19 and B-line number from 0 to 36. One hundred and fifty-six patients (95%) had co-existing A-lines and B-lines at baseline. Lower body mass index and lower chest wall thickness were associated with a higher number of A-lines (P trend < 0.001 for both). In contrast to B-lines, there was no significant change in the number of A-lines from baseline to discharge (median 6 vs. 5, P = 0.80). While B-lines were associated with 90-day HF readmission or death, A-lines were not [HR 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-2.51 vs. HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.65-1.43]. CONCLUSIONS: A-lines and B-lines on LUS co-exist in the vast majority of hospitalized patients with AHF. In contrast to B-lines, A-lines were not associated with adverse outcomes.","journal":"European Heart Journal Acute Cardiovascular Care","year":2021,"id":191032,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":13,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9656,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":28286,"name":"Brian Claggett","orcid":"0000-0002-4215-9218","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":290057,"name":"Eldrin F. Lewis","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":232195,"name":"John D. Groarke","orcid":"0000-0002-5277-8696","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":756626,"name":"Varsha Swamy","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":755945,"name":"Moritz Lindner","orcid":"0000-0002-9435-2394","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":27970,"name":"Scott D. Solomon","orcid":"0000-0003-3698-9597","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":665250,"name":"Elke Platz","orcid":"0000-0002-8604-0710","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":755944,"name":"Øyvind Johannessen","orcid":"0000-0003-2632-7995","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":27,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:49:31.121780Z","pmid":"34160009","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}