{"doi":"10.1093/database/baac014","title":"The Sickle Cell Disease Ontology: recent development and expansion of the universal sickle cell knowledge representation","abstract":"The Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) Ontology (SCDO, https://scdontology.h3abionet.org/) provides a comprehensive knowledge base of SCD management, systems and standardized human and machine-readable resources that unambiguously describe terminology and concepts about SCD for researchers, patients and clinicians. The SCDO was launched in 2016 and is continuously updated in quantity, as well as in quality, to effectively support the curation of SCD research, patient databasing and clinical informatics applications. SCD knowledge from the scientific literature is used to update existing SCDO terms and create new terms where necessary. Here, we report major updates to the SCDO, from December 2019 until April 2021, for promoting interoperability and facilitating SCD data harmonization, sharing and integration across different studies and for retrospective multi-site research collaborations. SCDO developers continue to collaborate with the SCD community, clinicians and researchers to improve specific ontology areas and expand standardized descriptions to conditions influencing SCD phenotypic expressions and clinical manifestations of the sickling process, e.g. thalassemias. Database URL: https://scdontology.h3abionet.org/.","journal":"Database","year":2022,"id":280731,"datarank":0.5396133078889696,"base_score":2.302585092994046,"endowment":2.302585092994046,"self_citation_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citation_network_contribution":0.19422554393986266,"self_endowment_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citer_contribution":0.19422554393986266,"corpus_percentile":63.966891003326374,"corpus_rank":4659,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":6,"citers_with_citation_signal":5,"citers_with_endowment":5,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9312,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":72.9167,"fair_percentile":95.2613879547539,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":955580,"name":"Jade Hotchkiss","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":341651,"name":"Victoria Nembaware","orcid":"0000-0001-7966-4042","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":78669,"name":"Ambroise Wonkam","orcid":"0000-0003-1420-9051","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":62302,"name":"Nicola Mulder","orcid":"0000-0003-4905-0941","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":231124,"name":"Gaston K. Mazandu","orcid":"0000-0002-6441-8006","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":26,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:29:03.247347Z","pmid":"35363306","pmcid":"PMC9216550","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":50.0,"fair_a":75.0,"fair_i":80.0,"fair_r":70.8333,"fair_zscore":1.5226,"fair_rationale":{"fair_score":72.92,"has_llm":true,"taxonomy_version":"fair_taxonomy_v5","dimensions":{"F":{"name":"Findable","score":50.0,"criteria":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"The data underlying this article are available in [Ontology IRI] at [ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/scdo.owl ]","grounded":true,"rationale":"The identifier is a URL (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/scdo.owl) that is not in the accepted persistent-identifier scheme list (DOI, Handle, ARK, URN, or repository accession).","anchors":["RDA-F1-01D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a persistent identifier' (priorit","RDA-F1-02D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a globally unique identifier'","FsF-F1-02D — F-UJI/FAIRsFAIR: 'Data is assigned a persistent identifier'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_repository_named","label":"Named repository","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"The SCDO is freely available under the GNU General Public License (GPL: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html ) and accessible from the SCDO website at https://scdontology.h3abionet.org/ .","grounded":true,"rationale":"The holder named is the SCDO website, a non-repository host (project website) rather than a curated repository.","anchors":["RDA-F4-01M — FAIR Data Maturity Model: metadata is offered so it can be harvested and indexed (","NIH DMS Policy Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — name the repository where data will be archived","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Long-Term Sustainability', 'Reten"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","label":"Data-availability statement","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"The data underlying this article are available in [Ontology IRI] at [ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/scdo.owl ] and in [SCDO website] at [ https://scdontology.h3abionet.org/ ].","grounded":true,"rationale":"The statement points to a URL (the OBO PURL and the SCDO website) rather than to a repository record with an accession or DOI. [majority verdict 'partial' (2/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["Colavizza, Hrynaszkiewicz, Staden, Whitaker & McGillivray (2020), 'The citation advantage of li","Springer Nature research data policy — Data Availability Statements: standard statement templat","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"The SCDO currently contains 2072 concepts, of which 1950 are non-deprecated, covering various aspects of SCD, including phenotypes, diagnostics, therapeutics, disease modifiers, modes of inheritance, SCD-related complications, genetic phenomena and gene products, as well as other environmental and clinical research aspects (personal attributes, quality of life and quality of care for patients and research).","grounded":true,"rationale":"The dataset content is described in running prose rather than in an itemised inventory (section, table, or list). [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-F2-01M — 'Rich metadata is provided to allow discovery' (priority Essential)","FsF-F2-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes descriptive core elements to support data findability'","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_dataset_cited","label":"Dataset formally cited","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"The data underlying this article are available in [Ontology IRI] at [ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/scdo.owl ] and in [SCDO website] at [ https://scdontology.h3abionet.org/ ].","grounded":true,"rationale":"The dataset identifier appears only in the body text (data availability statement), not as a reference-list entry.","anchors":["FORCE11 Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles (2014) — data should be cited as a first-","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes","FsF-F3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes the identifier of the data it describes'"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]},"A":{"name":"Accessible","score":75.0,"criteria":[{"key":"a_data_openly_accessible","label":"Access route free of preconditions","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"The SCDO is freely available under the GNU General Public License (GPL: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html ) and accessible from the SCDO website at https://scdontology.h3abionet.org/ .","grounded":true,"rationale":"The data are stated to be 'freely available' with no precondition such as embargo, registration, or application. [majority verdict 'yes' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-A1.1-01D — 'Data is accessible through a free access protocol'","FsF-A1-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata contains access level and access conditions of the data'","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Free and Easy Access'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"a_access_conditions_stated","label":"Access level labelled","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"The SCDO is freely available under the GNU General Public License (GPL: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html ) and accessible from the SCDO website at https://scdontology.h3abionet.org/ .","grounded":true,"rationale":"The phrase 'freely available' is a natural-language synonym for 'open access', which is a recognized access-level label. [majority verdict 'yes' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["FsF-A1-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata contains access level and access conditions of the data'","RDA-A1-01M — metadata contains information to enable the user to get access to the data","COAR Controlled Vocabularies — Access Rights v1.0 (open / embargoed / restricted / metadata-onl"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The data are not sensitive or human-subject data; therefore no gatekeeper is named.","anchors":["NIH Genomic Data Sharing Policy (NOT-OD-14-124) — controlled-access via a Data Access Committee","RDA-A1.2-01D — 'Data is accessible through an access protocol that supports authentication and ","NIH DMS Policy Element 5 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Access, Distribution, or Reuse Considerations (conse"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"a_timeline_retention","label":"Availability timing & retention","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper does not state how long the data will remain available or make any persistence commitment.","anchors":["NIH DMS Plan Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Data Preservation, Access, and Associated Timelines","NSTC Desirable Characteristics (2022), Organizational Infrastructure: 'Retention Policy'","RDA-A2-01M — 'Metadata is guaranteed to remain available after data is no longer available'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"I":{"name":"Interoperable","score":80.0,"criteria":[{"key":"i_open_nonproprietary_format","label":"Open file format","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"ROBOT (14), an open source tool for automating ontology development workflows and tasks, is used to compile the complete ontology release files, including Web Ontology Language (OWL) and OBO formats.","grounded":false,"rationale":"OWL and OBO are both open, community-standard formats for ontologies. [downgraded to 'partial' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'partial' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["FsF-R1.3-02D — F-UJI: 'Data is available in a file format recommended by the target research co","RDA-R1.3-02D — data is expressed in a machine-understandable community standard","RDA-I1-01D — data uses a knowledge representation expressed in a standardised format"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"i_community_standard_vocabulary","label":"Community standard / vocabulary","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"Compliance with OBO Foundry guiding principles: IRIs were updated to the standard OBO prefix","grounded":true,"rationale":"The OBO Foundry is a community standard for biomedical ontologies, and the paper explicitly states compliance with its guiding principles. [majority verdict 'yes' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.3-01M — 'Metadata complies with a community standard' (priority Essential)","RDA-R1.3-01D — 'Data complies with a community standard'","RDA-I2-01M — '(Meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"i_qualified_references","label":"Identifiers for the resources the data depend on","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"Impaired Renal Concentrating Ability' is reused from the HPO under the identifier HPO:0004727.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper provides a qualified reference (HPO identifier) to an external resource (HPO) that the data depends on. [majority verdict 'yes' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-I3-01M — '(meta)data include references to other (meta)data'","RDA-I3-03M — 'metadata includes qualified references to other metadata'","FsF-I3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes links between the data and its related entities'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"R":{"name":"Reusable","score":70.83,"criteria":[{"key":"r_reuse_license","label":"Reuse licence","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"The SCDO is freely available under the GNU General Public License (GPL: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html )","grounded":true,"rationale":"The GNU General Public License (GPL) is an open standard license listed in SPDX. [majority verdict 'yes' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.1-01M — 'Metadata includes information about the licence under which the data can be reu","RDA-R1.1-02M — 'Metadata refers to a standard reuse licence'","RDA-R1.1-03M — 'Metadata refers to a machine-understandable reuse licence'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"r_provenance_methods","label":"Provenance of the data","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"ROBOT (14), an open source tool for automating ontology development workflows and tasks, is used to compile the complete ontology release files, including Web Ontology Language (OWL) and OBO formats.","grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper names specific tools (ROBOT, WebProtege) used to produce the data. [downgraded to 'partial' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.2-01M — 'Metadata includes provenance information according to community- specific standa","FsF-R1.2-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes provenance information about data creation or generati","W3C PROV-O (W3C Recommendation, 2013) — the entity/activity/agent model of provenance"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","label":"Documentation / codebook","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper does not name a documentation object (README, codebook, schema) that travels with the data, nor does it provide a variable-definition table inside the article. [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1-01M — '(Meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attribu","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'","NIH DMS Policy Element 3 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Standards (documentation and metadata to accompany t"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_versioning","label":"Snapshot identified","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"the new SCDO version released on 15 April 2021","grounded":true,"rationale":"A date (15 April 2021) is provided to pin the snapshot, but no version token (e.g., v1.2) is given.","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — the 'Version' property","RDA-R1.2-01M — provenance information (which version was used is provenance)","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Provenance', 'Retention Policy'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_code_availability","label":"Analysis code available","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"Ontology Development Kit: https://github.com/scdodev/scdo-ontology","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper provides a machine-resolvable URL to a code repository (GitHub) for the study's own code.","anchors":["NIH DMS Policy Element 2 (NOT-OD-21-014) — 'Related Tools, Software and/or Code'","FAIR4RS Principles v1.0 (Chue Hong et al., 2022; RDA/FORCE11/ReSA) — FAIR Principles for Resear","FORCE11 Software Citation Principles (Smith, Katz & Niemeyer, 2016, PeerJ CS 2:e86)"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_funding_attribution","label":"Funder and award number","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (U24HL135600 to the Sickle Africa Data Coordinating Center (SADaCC) at the University of Cape Town, Health Sciences in the Department of Pathology, Division of Human Genetics); the National Institutes of Health Common Fund grant (U24HG006941) (H3ABioNet).","grounded":true,"rationale":"Award numbers (U24HL135600, U24HG006941) are provided for the named funders.","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — 'FundingReference' property (funderName, funderIdentifier, award","Crossref Funder Registry — canonical funder identifiers for funding metadata","RDA-F2-01M — rich metadata provided to allow discovery (funding is part of the descriptive reco"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]}},"actions":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","dimension":"F","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","action":"Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"The data underlying this article are available in [Ontology IRI] at [ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/scdo.owl ]","why":"The identifier is a URL (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/scdo.owl) that is not in the accepted persistent-identifier scheme list (DOI, Handle, ARK, URN, or repository accession).","gain":8.33,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"f_repository_named","dimension":"F","label":"Named repository","action":"Deposit the data in a repository registered in re3data/FAIRsharing (a domain repository such as GEO, SRA, dbGaP, PRIDE, or a generalist such as Zenodo, Dryad, Dataverse) and name it explicitly in the paper. A lab website is not an archive: it has no retention commitment and no accession. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"The SCDO is freely available under the GNU General Public License (GPL: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html ) and accessible from the SCDO website at https://scdontology.h3abionet.org/ .","why":"The holder named is the SCDO website, a non-repository host (project website) rather than a curated repository.","gain":8.33,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"f_dataset_cited","dimension":"F","label":"Dataset formally cited","action":"Cite the dataset in the reference list like a publication — creator, year, title, repository, DOI/accession — and cite it in-text where it is used. Only a reference- list entry is machine-readable to Crossref/DataCite, and only a citation lets the data earn credit. Cite the clinical / human-subjects repository accession (e.g. from dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA)) in the reference list.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"The data underlying this article are available in [Ontology IRI] at [ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/scdo.owl ] and in [SCDO website] at [ https://scdontology.h3abionet.org/ ].","why":"The dataset identifier appears only in the body text (data availability statement), not as a reference-list entry.","gain":4.17,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"i_open_nonproprietary_format","dimension":"I","label":"Open file format","action":"Release the data in an open, community-standard format (CSV/TSV, JSON, HDF5, NetCDF, FASTQ, VCF, NIfTI…) instead of — or alongside — any proprietary or instrument-native format, and name the format in the paper. A dataset that needs a €2,000 licence to open is not reusable.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"ROBOT (14), an open source tool for automating ontology development workflows and tasks, is used to compile the complete ontology release files, including Web Ontology Language (OWL) and OBO formats.","why":"OWL and OBO are both open, community-standard formats for ontologies. [downgraded to 'partial' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'partial' (3/5 passes agreed)]","gain":4.17,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"r_versioning","dimension":"R","label":"Snapshot identified","action":"Version the deposit and cite the exact version analysed (a version-specific DOI, or an accession with its version suffix). A reader reproducing your work against 'the current release' is reproducing it against a different dataset.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"the new SCDO version released on 15 April 2021","why":"A date (15 April 2021) is provided to pin the snapshot, but no version token (e.g., v1.2) is given.","gain":2.08,"priority":"useful","scored":true},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","dimension":"F","label":"Data-availability statement","action":"Replace the statement with the repository template: name the repository and give the accession or DOI (Colavizza category 3). This is the only DAS class associated with a measured citation advantage; 'available on reasonable request' and 'within the article' are not.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"The data underlying this article are available in [Ontology IRI] at [ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/scdo.owl ] and in [SCDO website] at [ https://scdontology.h3abionet.org/ ].","why":"The statement points to a URL (the OBO PURL and the SCDO website) rather than to a repository record with an accession or DOI. [majority verdict 'partial' (2/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"essential","scored":false},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","dimension":"F","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","action":"Add a 'Data Records' section: itemise every file in the deposit and every variable or sample it holds, with counts and units. Describe the dataset as an object in its own right, not as a by-product of the findings — this is what makes it discoverable to someone who is not looking for your paper.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"The SCDO currently contains 2072 concepts, of which 1950 are non-deprecated, covering various aspects of SCD, including phenotypes, diagnostics, therapeutics, disease modifiers, modes of inheritance, SCD-related complications, genetic phenomena and gene products, as well as other environmental and clinical research aspects (personal attributes, quality of life and quality of care for patients and research).","why":"The dataset content is described in running prose rather than in an itemised inventory (section, table, or list). [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"essential","scored":false},{"key":"r_provenance_methods","dimension":"R","label":"Provenance of the data","action":"Name the instruments, kits, and software — with versions — that produced the data, not just the verbs. 'Reads were aligned' is not provenance; 'aligned with STAR v2.7.9a to GRCh38' is, because someone else can rerun it.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"ROBOT (14), an open source tool for automating ontology development workflows and tasks, is used to compile the complete ontology release files, including Web Ontology Language (OWL) and OBO formats.","why":"The paper names specific tools (ROBOT, WebProtege) used to produce the data. [downgraded to 'partial' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","dimension":"R","label":"Documentation / codebook","action":"Ship a README and a data dictionary IN the deposit — every file, every variable, its units, its allowed values, its missing-value codes. It is the cheapest single thing that makes a dataset usable by someone who was not in the lab, and a table buried in the article does not travel with the data.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper does not name a documentation object (README, codebook, schema) that travels with the data, nor does it provide a variable-definition table inside the article. [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","dimension":"A","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","action":"Route sensitive data through an institutional gatekeeper — deposit in a controlled- access repository (dbGaP, EGA) with a Data Access Committee and a published DUA — rather than through the corresponding author's inbox. An author-gated dataset dies with the author's email address, and 'on reasonable request' has been shown repeatedly not to yield data. For sensitive/human clinical / human-subjects data, use a controlled-access repository such as dbGaP or EGA.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The data are not sensitive or human-subject data; therefore no gatekeeper is named.","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false},{"key":"a_timeline_retention","dimension":"A","label":"Availability timing & retention","action":"State when the data become available AND how long they will be retained — cite the repository's preservation policy. NIH DMS Element 4 asks for both; most papers give neither.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper does not state how long the data will remain available or make any persistence commitment.","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false}],"suggestions":["Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","Deposit the data in a repository registered in re3data/FAIRsharing (a domain repository such as GEO, SRA, dbGaP, PRIDE, or a generalist such as Zenodo, Dryad, Dataverse) and name it explicitly in the paper. A lab website is not an archive: it has no retention commitment and no accession. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","Cite the dataset in the reference list like a publication — creator, year, title, repository, DOI/accession — and cite it in-text where it is used. Only a reference- list entry is machine-readable to Crossref/DataCite, and only a citation lets the data earn credit. Cite the clinical / human-subjects repository accession (e.g. from dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA)) in the reference list.","Release the data in an open, community-standard format (CSV/TSV, JSON, HDF5, NetCDF, FASTQ, VCF, NIfTI…) instead of — or alongside — any proprietary or instrument-native format, and name the format in the paper. A dataset that needs a €2,000 licence to open is not reusable.","Version the deposit and cite the exact version analysed (a version-specific DOI, or an accession with its version suffix). A reader reproducing your work against 'the current release' is reproducing it against a different dataset."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fulltext_source":"epmc_xml"},"fair_model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","fair_agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fair_fulltext_source":"epmc_xml","fair_has_llm":true,"fair_computed_at":"2026-07-20T12:29:49.562924Z","clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}