{"doi":"10.1093/cid/ciae212","title":"Tenofovir-Diphosphate and Emtricitabine-Triphosphate Adherence Benchmarks in Dried Blood Spots for Persons With HIV Receiving Tenofovir Alafenamide and Emtricitabine–Based Antiretroviral Therapy (QUANTI-TAF)","abstract":"BACKGROUND: QUANTI-TAF aimed to establish tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP)/emtricitabine-triphosphate (FTC-TP) adherence benchmarks in dried blood spots (DBS) for persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) receiving tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine (TAF/FTC)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART). METHODS: For 16 weeks, PWH received TAF/FTC-based ART co-encapsulated with an ingestible sensor to directly measure cumulative (enrollment to final visit) and 10-day adherence. At monthly visits, intraerythrocytic concentrations of TFV-DP and FTC-TP in DBS were quantified and summarized at steady-state (week 12 or 16) as median (interquartile range). Linear mixed-effects models evaluated factors associated with TFV-DP/FTC-TP. RESULTS: Eighty-four participants (11% female, 4% transgender) predominantly receiving bictegravir/TAF/FTC (73%) were enrolled. Ninety-two percent completed week 12 or 16 (94% unboosted ART). TFV-DP for <85% (7/72), 85%-<95% (9/72), and ≥95% (56/72) cumulative adherence was 2696 (2039-4108), 3117 (2332-3339), and 3344 (2605-4293) fmol/punches. Adjusting for cumulative adherence, TFV-DP was higher with boosted ART, lower body mass index, and in non-Black participants. FTC-TP for <85% (14/77), 85%-<95% (6/77), and ≥95% (57/77) 10-day adherence was 3.52 (2.64-4.48), 4.58 (4.39-5.06), and 4.96 (4.21-6.26) pmol/punches. All participants with ≥85% cumulative and 10-day adherence had TFV-DP ≥1800 fmol/punches and FTC-TP ≥2.5 pmol/punches, respectively. Low-level viremia (HIV-1 RNA 20-199 copies/mL) occurred at 18% of visits in 39% of participants with similar TFV-DP (3177 [2494-4149] fmol/punches) compared with suppressed visits (3279 [2580-4407] fmol/punches). CONCLUSIONS: TFV-DP ≥1800 fmol/punches and FTC-TP ≥2.5 pmol/punches represent DBS benchmarks for ≥85% adherence to unboosted TAF/FTC-based ART. Among PWH with high adherence, low-level viremia was common. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT04065347.","journal":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","year":2024,"id":440162,"datarank":0.38692206566031206,"base_score":2.302585092994046,"endowment":2.302585092994046,"self_citation_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citation_network_contribution":0.04153430171120513,"self_endowment_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citer_contribution":0.04153430171120513,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":5,"citers_with_citation_signal":3,"citers_with_endowment":3,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9236,"is_data_producer":true,"deposit_databanks":{"ClinicalTrials.gov":["NCT04065347","NCT05335590"]},"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":395981,"name":"Mary Morrow","orcid":"0000-0002-2115-4864","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1251773,"name":"Sarah Mann","orcid":"0000-0003-3852-1760","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1188906,"name":"Vincent Mainella","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1252179,"name":"Samuel L. Ellis","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1251774,"name":"Stefanie Schwab","orcid":"0009-0000-4591-3178","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1251775,"name":"Corwin Coppinger","orcid":"0009-0005-6430-7444","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1252180,"name":"Nicholas Barker","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":396717,"name":"Lucas Ellison","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":395983,"name":"Jia‐Hua Zheng","orcid":"0000-0003-1737-524X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1252181,"name":"Subhi Al Zuabi","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1173623,"name":"Pamela E Alpert","orcid":"0000-0002-7080-8932","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1173624,"name":"Tony C Carnes","orcid":"0000-0002-9387-1862","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1251776,"name":"D Eric Buffkin","orcid":"0000-0003-4007-578X","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":265898,"name":"Peter R. Chai","orcid":"0000-0003-0955-4117","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":280276,"name":"Lane R. Bushman","orcid":null,"position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":355013,"name":"Jennifer J. Kiser","orcid":null,"position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":395984,"name":"Samantha MaWhinney","orcid":"0000-0002-9818-0059","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":414477,"name":"Kristina M. Brooks","orcid":"0000-0002-3832-8699","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":279022,"name":"Peter L. Anderson","orcid":"0000-0002-1200-8494","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":395985,"name":"José Castillo‐Mancilla","orcid":"0000-0003-1242-1745","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":395980,"name":"Ryan P Coyle","orcid":"0000-0001-6472-7020","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":47,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:00:57.233748Z","pmid":"38636950","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}