{"doi":"10.1093/cid/ciad033","title":"Leukocyte Count and Coronary Artery Disease Events in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Longitudinal Study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) have increased cardiovascular risk. Higher leukocyte count has been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) events in the general population. It is unknown whether the leukocyte-CAD association also applies to PWH. METHODS: In a case-control study nested within the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, we obtained uni- and multivariable odds ratios (OR) for CAD events, based on traditional and HIV-related CAD risk factors, leukocyte count, and confounders previously associated with leukocyte count. RESULTS: We included 536 cases with a first CAD event (2000-2021; median age, 56 years; 87% male; 84% with suppressed HIV RNA) and 1464 event-free controls. Cases had higher latest leukocyte count before CAD event than controls (median [interquartile range], 6495 [5300-7995] vs 5900 [4910-7200]; P < .01), but leukocytosis (>11 000/µL) was uncommon (4.3% vs 2.1%; P = .01). In the highest versus lowest leukocyte quintile at latest time point before CAD event, participants had univariable CAD-OR = 2.27 (95% confidence interval, 1.63-3.15) and multivariable adjusted CAD-OR = 1.59 (1.09-2.30). For comparison, univariable CAD-OR for dyslipidemia, diabetes, and recent abacavir exposure were 1.58 (1.29-1.93), 2.19 (1.59-3.03), and 1.73 (1.37-2.17), respectively. Smoking and, to a lesser degree, alcohol and ethnicity attenuated the leukocyte-CAD association. Leukocytes measured up to 8 years before the event were significantly associated with CAD events. CONCLUSIONS: PWH in Switzerland with higher leukocyte counts have an independently increased risk of CAD events, to a degree similar to traditional and HIV-related risk factors.","journal":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","year":2023,"id":361616,"datarank":0.37131635615824254,"base_score":2.1972245773362196,"endowment":2.1972245773362196,"self_citation_contribution":0.32958368660043297,"citation_network_contribution":0.04173266955780956,"self_endowment_contribution":0.32958368660043297,"citer_contribution":0.04173266955780956,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":8,"citer_count":4,"citers_with_citation_signal":3,"citers_with_endowment":3,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8523,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1114871,"name":"Julia N Kleynhans","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":558442,"name":"Bruno Ledergerber","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":755896,"name":"Isabella C Schoepf","orcid":"0000-0003-0882-8016","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":513615,"name":"Christian W. Thorball","orcid":"0000-0002-6869-6943","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241755,"name":"Neeltje A. Kootstra","orcid":"0000-0001-9429-7754","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241759,"name":"Peter Reiss","orcid":"0000-0001-7896-6428","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":364591,"name":"Lene Ryom","orcid":"0000-0002-6436-6461","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459810,"name":"Dominique L. Braun","orcid":"0000-0003-4036-1030","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":664991,"name":"Maria Christine Thurnheer","orcid":"0000-0003-1357-0347","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459821,"name":"Catia Marzolini","orcid":"0000-0002-2312-7050","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":755897,"name":"Marco Seneghini","orcid":"0000-0002-3007-2641","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":218065,"name":"Enos Bernasconi","orcid":"0000-0002-9724-8373","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459803,"name":"Matthias Cavassini","orcid":"0000-0003-0933-7833","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":755898,"name":"Hélène Buvelot","orcid":"0009-0003-2963-1332","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":69664,"name":"Roger D. Kouyos","orcid":"0000-0002-9220-8348","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":31310,"name":"Jacques Fellay","orcid":"0000-0002-8240-939X","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":69678,"name":"Huldrych F. Gunthard","orcid":"0000-0002-1142-6723","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459829,"name":"Philip Tarr","orcid":"0000-0002-1488-5407","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1114872,"name":"for the Swiss HIV Cohort Study","orcid":null,"position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459807,"name":"A Anagnostopoulos","orcid":"0000-0001-6197-3023","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459808,"name":"Manuel Battegay","orcid":"0000-0002-6638-3679","position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":642193,"name":"Joseph Boni","orcid":"0000-0003-0228-0213","position":23,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1031383,"name":"H C Bucher","orcid":null,"position":25,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":364611,"name":"Alexandra Calmy","orcid":"0000-0002-1137-6826","position":26,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459811,"name":"Angela Ciuffi","orcid":"0000-0003-2333-513X","position":28,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":460490,"name":"G Dollenmaier","orcid":null,"position":29,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":4469,"name":"Matthias Egger","orcid":"0000-0001-7462-5132","position":30,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":218066,"name":"Luigia Elzi","orcid":"0009-0002-7676-8756","position":31,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459812,"name":"Jan Fehr","orcid":"0000-0003-1113-9895","position":32,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":756601,"name":"H Furrer","orcid":null,"position":34,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":756602,"name":"C A Fux","orcid":null,"position":35,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":460492,"name":"David Haerry","orcid":null,"position":37,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459813,"name":"Barbara Hasse","orcid":"0000-0001-7196-3734","position":38,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":345769,"name":"Hans H. Hirsch","orcid":"0000-0003-0883-0423","position":39,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":755900,"name":"Marc Hoffmann","orcid":"0000-0003-2166-3105","position":40,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":460493,"name":"Irène Hösli","orcid":null,"position":41,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":142229,"name":"M. Huber","orcid":null,"position":42,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1031384,"name":"C R Kahlert","orcid":null,"position":43,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459816,"name":"Laurent Kaiser","orcid":"0000-0002-0857-2252","position":44,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459817,"name":"Olivia Keiser","orcid":"0000-0001-8191-2789","position":45,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459818,"name":"Thomas Klimkait","orcid":"0000-0003-4945-6511","position":46,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459819,"name":"Helen Kovari","orcid":"0000-0003-4896-4231","position":48,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":460494,"name":"G Martinetti","orcid":null,"position":50,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1114873,"name":"T Martínez","orcid":null,"position":51,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":437382,"name":"Karin J. Metzner","orcid":"0000-0003-4862-1503","position":53,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1111856,"name":"N Müller","orcid":"0009-0005-3002-0920","position":54,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459823,"name":"Dunja Nicca","orcid":"0000-0002-4133-8177","position":55,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459824,"name":"P Paioni","orcid":"0000-0002-3904-1606","position":56,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":41012,"name":"Giuseppe Pantaleo","orcid":"0000-0003-3651-2721","position":57,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459801,"name":"Matthieu Perreau","orcid":"0000-0003-2110-2244","position":58,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1114874,"name":"Alan Rauch","orcid":null,"position":59,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":460495,"name":"C Rudin","orcid":null,"position":60,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1114875,"name":"AU Scherrer","orcid":null,"position":61,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":701008,"name":"P. Schmid","orcid":"0000-0002-1171-7643","position":62,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1112245,"name":"R Speck","orcid":null,"position":63,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":701525,"name":"Michael Stöckle","orcid":null,"position":64,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459830,"name":"Alexandra Trkola","orcid":"0000-0003-1013-876X","position":66,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459805,"name":"Pietro Vernazza","orcid":"0000-0002-6849-6941","position":67,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":364593,"name":"Gilles Wandeler","orcid":"0000-0002-5278-8763","position":68,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":756608,"name":"Roger Weber","orcid":null,"position":69,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":459802,"name":"Sabine Yerly","orcid":"0000-0003-1668-696X","position":70,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1114870,"name":"Emma F Avery","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":35,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:14:15.063476Z","pmid":"36688465","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}