{"doi":"10.1093/cid/ciac299","title":"Protective Effect of Intestinal <i>Blautia</i> Against Neutropenic Fever in Allogeneic Transplant Recipients","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Neutropenic fever (NF) occurs in >70% of hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients, without a documented cause in most cases. Antibiotics used to prevent and treat NF disrupt the gut microbiota; these disruptions predict a higher posttransplantation mortality rate. We hypothesized that specific features in the gut microbial community may mediate the risk of NF. METHODS: We searched a large gut microbiota database in allogeneic HCT recipients (12 546 stool samples; 1278 patients) to find pairs with NF (cases) versus without NF (controls) on the same day relative to transplantation and with a stool sample on the previous day. A total of 179 such pairs were matched as to the underlying disease and graft source. Several other important clinical variables were similar between the groups. RESULTS: The gut microbiota of cases on the day before NF occurrence had a lower abundance of Blautia than their matched controls on the same day after transplantation, suggesting a protective role for Blautia. Microbiota network analysis did not find any differences in community structure between the groups, suggesting a single-taxon effect. To identify putative mechanisms, we searched a gut microbiome and serum metabolome database of patients with acute leukemia receiving chemotherapy and identified 139 serum samples collected within 24 hours after a stool sample from the same patient. Greater Blautia abundances predicted higher levels of next-day citrulline, a biomarker of total enterocyte mass. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support a model in which Blautia protects against NF by improving intestinal health. Therapeutic restoration of Blautia may help prevent NF, thus reducing antibiotic exposures and transplantation-related deaths.","journal":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","year":2022,"id":245651,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":19,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9576,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":225648,"name":"Jonathan U. Peled","orcid":"0000-0002-4029-7625","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":443782,"name":"Maryam Ebadi","orcid":"0000-0001-9452-1488","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":653443,"name":"Tauseef Ur Rehman","orcid":"0000-0001-6939-8027","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":653444,"name":"Heba Elhusseini","orcid":"0000-0002-4933-4584","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":640528,"name":"LeeAnn T. Marcello","orcid":"0000-0002-9801-5029","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":861932,"name":"Hossam Halaweish","orcid":"0009-0006-6507-4758","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":653446,"name":"Thomas Kaiser","orcid":"0000-0003-0290-7215","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292153,"name":"Shernan G. Holtan","orcid":"0000-0002-5054-9419","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":320937,"name":"Alexander Khoruts","orcid":"0000-0002-3205-3188","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":122976,"name":"Daniel J. Weisdorf","orcid":"0000-0001-8078-8579","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":653447,"name":"Christopher Staley","orcid":"0000-0002-2309-0083","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":313704,"name":"Armin Rashidi","orcid":"0000-0002-9384-272X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":38,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:23:39.284121Z","pmid":"35435976","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}