{"doi":"10.1093/cid/ciab143","title":"Viral Reservoir in Early-Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children and Markers for Sustained Viral Suppression","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The impact of very early infant treatment on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoir, and markers for treatment success, require study.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Early Infant Treatment Study (EIT) enrolled 40 children living with HIV started on antiretroviral treatment (ART) at &amp;lt;7 days of age, with 23 who had started treatment between 30–365 days to serve as controls. Quantitative HIV DNA was evaluated every 1–3 months in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 84-week repeat qualitative whole blood DNA polymerase chain reaction and dual enzyme immunosorbent assay were performed.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Median quantitative cell-associated DNA after at least 84 weeks was significantly lower among the first 27 EIT children tested than among 10 controls (40.8 vs 981.4 copies/million cells; P &amp;lt; .001) and correlated with pre-ART DNA. Median DNA after 84 weeks did not differ significantly by negative or positive serostatus at 84 weeks (P = .94), and appeared unaffected by periods of unsuppressed plasma RNA from 24–84 weeks (P = .70). However, negative 84-week serostatus was 67% predictive for sustained RNA suppression, and positive serostatus was 100% predictive for viremia. Loss of qualitative DNA positivity at 84 weeks was 73% predictive for sustained suppression, and persistent positivity was 77% predictive for viremia.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lower viral reservoir was associated with starting ART at &amp;lt;1 week. Negative serostatus and qualitative DNA were useful markers of sustained viral suppression from 24–84 weeks.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>","journal":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","year":2021,"id":627547,"datarank":0.4887144807032224,"base_score":3.258096538021482,"endowment":3.258096538021482,"self_citation_contribution":0.4887144807032224,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.4887144807032224,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":25,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1624274,"name":"Pilar Garcia-Broncano","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":493414,"name":"Kenneth Maswabi","orcid":"0000-0002-7944-4637","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":271745,"name":"Kara Bennett","orcid":"0000-0002-9465-8983","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1448973,"name":"Michael D Hughes","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":425983,"name":"Sikhulile Moyo","orcid":"0000-0003-3821-4592","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1624277,"name":"Terrence Mohammed","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1316112,"name":"Patrick Jean-Philippe","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":493417,"name":"Maureen Sakoi","orcid":"0009-0008-5222-7756","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":493416,"name":"Oganne Batlang","orcid":"0000-0003-1186-2979","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":257497,"name":"Shahin Lockman","orcid":"0000-0002-5384-9716","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":393322,"name":"Joseph Makhema","orcid":"0000-0003-0017-2438","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1624278,"name":"Daniel R Kuritzkes","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":108393,"name":"Mathias Lichterfeld","orcid":"0000-0001-9865-8350","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1624279,"name":"Roger L Shapiro","orcid":null,"position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":493415,"name":"Gbolahan Ajibola","orcid":"0000-0002-5408-4823","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Viral Reservoir in Early-Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children and Markers for Sustained Viral Suppression","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The impact of very early infant treatment on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoir, and markers for treatment success, require study.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Early Infant Treatment Study (EIT) enrolled 40 children living with HIV started on antiretroviral treatment (ART) at &amp;lt;7 days of age, with 23 who had started treatment between 30–365 days to serve as controls. Quantitative HIV DNA was evaluated every 1–3 months in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 84-week repeat qualitative whole blood DNA polymerase chain reaction and dual enzyme immunosorbent assay were performed.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Median quantitative cell-associated DNA after at least 84 weeks was significantly lower among the first 27 EIT children tested than among 10 controls (40.8 vs 981.4 copies/million cells; P &amp;lt; .001) and correlated with pre-ART DNA. Median DNA after 84 weeks did not differ significantly by negative or positive serostatus at 84 weeks (P = .94), and appeared unaffected by periods of unsuppressed plasma RNA from 24–84 weeks (P = .70). However, negative 84-week serostatus was 67% predictive for sustained RNA suppression, and positive serostatus was 100% predictive for viremia. Loss of qualitative DNA positivity at 84 weeks was 73% predictive for sustained suppression, and persistent positivity was 77% predictive for viremia.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lower viral reservoir was associated with starting ART at &amp;lt;1 week. Negative serostatus and qualitative DNA were useful markers of sustained viral suppression from 24–84 weeks.</jats:p>\n               </jats:sec>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"19767382","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":null,"authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","grant_id":"U01 AI114235","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"1U01AI114235-01","title":"Early Infant Treatment"}],"total_grants":2,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[],"oa_status":"green","license":"OUP Standard Publication Reuse","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8366827","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/cid/ciab143/37654080/ciab143.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"http://academic.oup.com/cid/article-pdf/73/4/e997/39763949/ciab143.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab143","host_type":""},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8366827","host_type":""},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33605999","host_type":""},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab143","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["03 medical and health sciences","0302 clinical medicine"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Sustained Virologic Response","DNA, Viral","Leukocytes, Mononuclear","HIV","Humans","RNA, Viral","HIV Infections","Viral Load","Child"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":3,"sdg_label":"3. Good health"},{"sdg_number":12,"sdg_label":"12. Responsible consumption"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-04T17:54:19.035298Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}