{"doi":"10.1093/cid/ciab053","title":"Intrapartum Antibiotic Exposure and Body Mass Index in Children","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) reduces a newborn's risk of group B streptococcal infection (GBS) but may lead to an increased childhood body mass index (BMI). METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of infants (n = 223 431) born 2007-2015 in an integrated healthcare system. For vaginal delivery, we compared children exposed to GBS-IAP and to any other type or duration of intrapartum antibiotics to no antibiotic exposure. For cesarean delivery, we compared children exposed to GBS-IAP to those exposed to all other intrapartum antibiotics, including surgical prophylaxis. BMI over 5 years was compared using nonlinear multivariate models with B-spline functions, stratified by delivery mode and adjusted for demographics, maternal factors, breastfeeding, and childhood antibiotic exposure. RESULTS: In vaginal deliveries, GBS-IAP was associated with higher BMI from 0.5 to 5.0 years of age compared to no antibiotics (P < .0001 for all time points, ΔBMI at age 5 years 0.12 kg/m2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: .07-.16 kg/m2). Other antibiotics were associated with higher BMI from 0.3 to 5.0 years of age. In cesarean deliveries, GBS-IAP was associated with increased BMI from 0.7 years to 5.0 years of age (P < .05 for 0.7-0.8 years, P < .0001 for all other time points) compared to other antibiotics (ΔBMI at age 5 years 0.24 kg/m2, 95% CI: .14-.34 kg/m2). Breastfeeding did not modify these associations. CONCLUSIONS: GBS-IAP was associated with a small but sustained increase in BMI starting at very early age. This association highlights the need to better understand the effects of perinatal antibiotic exposure on childhood health.","journal":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","year":2021,"id":168322,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":30,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9497,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":484945,"name":"Margo A. Sidell","orcid":"0000-0001-7963-4505","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":360570,"name":"Darios Getahun","orcid":"0000-0003-3610-8841","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":660407,"name":"Sara Y. Tartof","orcid":"0000-0003-2336-8476","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":697060,"name":"Emily Rozema","orcid":"0000-0001-6422-4482","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":697061,"name":"Brianna Taylor","orcid":"0000-0002-4638-7410","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":370816,"name":"Anny H. Xiang","orcid":"0000-0003-2786-1268","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":314162,"name":"Michael W. Spiller","orcid":"0000-0002-7950-6199","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":496357,"name":"Andrea J. Sharma","orcid":"0000-0003-0385-0011","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":261808,"name":"Sagori Mukhopadhyay","orcid":"0000-0002-5851-8414","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":230760,"name":"Karen M. Puopolo","orcid":"0000-0002-5581-8825","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227082,"name":"Stephanie J. Schrag","orcid":"0000-0002-8113-2544","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":484946,"name":"Corinna Koebnick","orcid":"0000-0001-8274-0309","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":61,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:46:02.603031Z","pmid":"33493270","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}