{"doi":"10.1093/cid/ciaa825","title":"Social Media–Based Secondary Distribution of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Syphilis Self-testing Among Chinese Men Who Have Sex with Men","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Social media and secondary distribution (distributing self-testing kits by indexes through their networks) both show strong promise to improve human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) self-testing uptake. We assessed an implementation program in Zhuhai, China, which focused on the secondary distribution of HIV/syphilis self-test kits among men who have sex with men (MSM) via social media. METHODS: Men aged ≥16 years, born biologically male, and ever had sex with another man were recruited as indexes. Banner ads on a social media platform invited the participants to apply for up to 5 self-test kits every 3 months. Index men paid a deposit of US$15/kit refundable upon submitting a photograph of a completed test result via an online submission system. They were informed that they could distribute the kits to others (referred to as \"alters\"). RESULTS: A total of 371 unique index men applied for 1150 kits (mean age, 28.7 [standard deviation, 6.9] years), of which 1141 test results were returned (99%). Among them, 1099 were valid test results; 810 (74%) were from 331 unique index men, and 289 tests (26%) were from 281 unique alters. Compared to index men, a higher proportion of alters were naive HIV testers (40% vs 21%; P < .001). The total HIV self-test reactivity rate was 3%, with alters having a significantly higher rate than indexes (5% vs 2%; P = .008). A total of 21 people (3%) had a reactive syphilis test result. CONCLUSIONS: Integrating social media with the secondary distribution of self-test kits may hold promise to increase HIV/syphilis testing coverage and case identification among MSM.","journal":"Clinical Infectious Diseases","year":2020,"id":59413,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":67,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9471,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":312409,"name":"Yi Zhou","orcid":"0000-0001-6560-1059","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312410,"name":"Nancy Yang","orcid":"0000-0003-3208-3050","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312411,"name":"Shanzi Huang","orcid":"0000-0001-7857-4053","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312412,"name":"Xi He","orcid":"0000-0003-0541-9962","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":288969,"name":"Joseph D. Tucker","orcid":"0000-0003-2804-1181","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312413,"name":"Xiaofeng Li","orcid":"0000-0001-7141-8779","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":307061,"name":"M. Kumi Smith","orcid":"0000-0001-5861-8100","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312414,"name":"Tiarney D. Ritchwood","orcid":"0000-0002-1612-7319","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312415,"name":"Xiaohui Jiang","orcid":"0000-0003-4196-5370","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312416,"name":"Xuan Liu","orcid":"0000-0001-6369-9259","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312417,"name":"Yehua Wang","orcid":"0000-0001-7040-1561","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312418,"name":"Wenting Huang","orcid":"0000-0003-0032-6986","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312419,"name":"Jason J. Ong","orcid":"0000-0001-5784-7403","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312420,"name":"Hongyun Fu","orcid":"0000-0002-9964-023X","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312421,"name":"Huanyu Bao","orcid":"0000-0003-4740-4603","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312422,"name":"Stephen W. Pan","orcid":"0000-0003-3612-7508","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312423,"name":"Wencan Dai","orcid":"0000-0002-2012-3214","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":307064,"name":"Weiming Tang","orcid":"0000-0002-9026-707X","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312408,"name":"Dan Wu","orcid":"0000-0003-0415-5467","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":24,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:07:59.189921Z","pmid":"32588883","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}