{"doi":"10.1093/braincomms/fcaf273","title":"Inflammatory markers in the cerebrospinal fluid linked to mortality in tuberculous meningitis","abstract":"This study examines the role of host inflammation in the high mortality of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and identifies potential biomarkers associated with improved survival. We conducted a case-control study involving 131 patients in a discovery cohort, 81 TBM patients in a validation cohort, and 43 non-infected controls from a referral hospital in Indonesia. We measured 94 inflammation-related proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and performed genome-wide quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. Sixty-seven proteins were found to be differentially expressed between TBM patients and controls, with 64 proteins elevated in patients. Five proteins, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-10 (MMP-10), were identified as predictors of 180-day mortality in TBM patients. The validation cohort confirmed that MMP-10, but not VEGF, was predictive of mortality. Genome-wide QTL mapping identified two genome-wide significant and four suggestive genetic loci associated with CSF MMP-10, which also predicted survival in an additional cohort of 218 patients. High CSF concentrations of MMP-10, along with specific genetic loci, may be associated with survival in TBM patients, suggesting a potential role for MMP-10 in disease pathogenesis and warranting further investigation into its utility in host-directed therapies.","journal":"Brain Communications","year":2025,"id":521647,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.954,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":406363,"name":"Valerie A. C. M. Koeken","orcid":"0000-0002-5783-9013","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":777064,"name":"Edwin Ardiansyah","orcid":"0000-0003-2702-5497","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":430595,"name":"Ahmad Rizal Ganiem","orcid":"0000-0002-0290-2759","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1392524,"name":"Kirsten van Abeelen","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":299810,"name":"Raúl Aguirre‐Gamboa","orcid":"0000-0003-2505-3574","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1392525,"name":"Feby Purnama","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1391991,"name":"Sofia Imaculata","orcid":"0000-0002-1287-8895","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1392526,"name":"Jessi Annisa","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":430598,"name":"Lidya Chaidir","orcid":"0000-0001-5661-4050","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":430597,"name":"Rovina Ruslami","orcid":"0000-0003-4995-5054","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104383,"name":"Leo A. B. Joosten","orcid":"0000-0001-6166-9830","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104377,"name":"Mihai G. Netea","orcid":"0000-0003-2421-6052","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":321443,"name":"Bachti Alisjahbana","orcid":"0000-0003-3745-8229","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":259203,"name":"Reinout van Crevel","orcid":"0000-0002-6233-6410","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":406367,"name":"Arjan van Laarhoven","orcid":"0000-0002-6607-4075","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":299822,"name":"Vinod Kumar","orcid":"0000-0002-2775-6049","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":430596,"name":"Sofiati Dian","orcid":"0000-0001-9909-4171","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":24,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:49:44.558743Z","pmid":"40703661","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}