{"doi":"10.1093/abm/kaaa125","title":"Sex Moderates Treatment Effects of Integrated Collaborative Care for Comorbid Obesity and Depression: The RAINBOW RCT","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Sex influences health and related behaviors due to biological and psychosocial/socioeconomic factors. Assessing sex-specific responses to integrated treatment for comorbid obesity and depression could inform intervention targeting. PURPOSE: To test (a) whether sex moderates the effects of integrated collaborative care on weight and depression outcomes through 24 months and (b) whether treatment response at 6 months predicts 12 and 24 month outcomes by sex. METHODS: Secondary data analyses on weight and depression severity (SCL-20) measured over 24 months among 409 adults with obesity and depression in the Research Aimed at Improving Both Mood and Weight trial. RESULTS: Men achieved significantly greater weight reductions in intervention versus usual care than women, whereas women achieved significantly greater percentage reductions in SCL-20 than men at both 12 and 24 months. In logistic models, at 80% specificity for correctly identifying participants not achieving clinically significant long-term outcomes, women who lost <3.0% weight and men who lost <4.1% weight at 6 months had ≥84% probability of not meeting 5% weight loss at 24 months. Similarly, at 80% specificity, women who reduced SCL-20 by <39.5% and men who reduced by <53.0% at 6 months had ≥82% probability of not meeting 50% decrease in SCL-20 at 24 months. CONCLUSIONS: Sex modified the integrated treatment effects for obesity and depression. Sex-specific responses at 6 months predicted clinically significant weight loss and depression outcomes through 24 months. Based on early responses, interventions may need to be tailored to address sex-specific barriers and facilitators to achieving healthy weight and depression outcomes at later time points. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02246413 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02246413).","journal":"Annals of Behavioral Medicine","year":2021,"id":210542,"datarank":0.3128738056049183,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"self_citation_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citation_network_contribution":0.07145811873980319,"self_endowment_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citer_contribution":0.07145811873980319,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":2,"citers_with_citation_signal":2,"citers_with_endowment":2,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9594,"is_data_producer":true,"deposit_databanks":{"ClinicalTrials.gov":["NCT02246413"]},"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":397624,"name":"Lan Xiao","orcid":"0000-0002-1265-7494","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":249442,"name":"Lisa G. Rosas","orcid":"0000-0003-4053-7972","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":307257,"name":"Elizabeth M. Venditti","orcid":"0000-0002-4124-6555","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":331945,"name":"Joshua M. Smyth","orcid":"0000-0002-0904-5390","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":422629,"name":"Megan A. Lewis","orcid":"0000-0002-1670-9298","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":398749,"name":"Mark Snowden","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":409582,"name":"Corina R. Ronneberg","orcid":"0000-0001-8105-1886","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":326861,"name":"Leanne M. Williams","orcid":"0000-0001-9987-7360","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":409588,"name":"Ben S. Gerber","orcid":"0000-0003-4367-6396","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":409581,"name":"Olusola Ajilore","orcid":"0000-0003-0737-0437","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":410625,"name":"Aashutos S. Patel","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":397626,"name":"Jun Ma","orcid":"0000-0001-7996-6454","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":397623,"name":"Nan Lv","orcid":"0000-0003-2063-3377","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":48,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:52:12.491146Z","pmid":"33616188","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}