{"doi":"10.1091/mbc.e12-05-0400","title":"Cdc42p regulation of the yeast formin Bni1p mediated by the effector Gic2p","abstract":"<jats:p>Actin filaments are dynamically reorganized to accommodate ever-changing cellular needs for intracellular transport, morphogenesis, and migration. Formins, a major family of actin nucleators, are believed to function as direct effectors of Rho GTPases, such as the polarity regulator Cdc42p. However, the presence of extensive redundancy has made it difficult to assess the in vivo significance of the low-affinity Rho GTPase–formin interaction and specifically whether Cdc42p polarizes the actin cytoskeleton via direct formin binding. Here we exploit a synthetically rewired budding yeast strain to eliminate the redundancy, making regulation of the formin Bni1p by Cdc42p essential for viability. Surprisingly, we find that direct Cdc42p–Bni1p interaction is dispensable for Bni1p regulation. Alternative paths linking Cdc42p and Bni1p via “polarisome” components Spa2p and Bud6p are also collectively dispensable. We identify a novel regulatory input to Bni1p acting through the Cdc42p effector, Gic2p. This pathway is sufficient to localize Bni1p to the sites of Cdc42p action and promotes a polarized actin organization in both rewired and wild-type contexts. We suggest that an indirect mechanism linking Rho GTPases and formins via Rho effectors may provide finer spatiotemporal control for the formin-nucleated actin cytoskeleton.</jats:p>","journal":"Molecular Biology of the Cell","year":2012,"id":42583,"datarank":1.3699911890904732,"base_score":4.060443010546419,"endowment":4.060443010546419,"self_citation_contribution":0.6090664515819629,"citation_network_contribution":0.7609247375085104,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6090664515819629,"citer_contribution":0.7609247375085104,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":57,"citer_count":30,"citers_with_citation_signal":27,"citers_with_endowment":27,"datacite_reuse_total":14,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":203622,"name":"Chun-Chen Kuo","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":203623,"name":"Hui Kang","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":203624,"name":"Audrey S. Howell","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":203625,"name":"Trevin R. Zyla","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":203626,"name":"Michelle Jin","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":203627,"name":"Daniel J. Lew","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":203621,"name":"Hsin Chen","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":4.060443010546419,"endowment":4.060443010546419,"datacite_reuse_total":14,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"22918946","pmcid":"PMC3459858","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2031030809","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NICHD NIH HHS","grant_id":"T32 HD040372","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"GM62300","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 GM053050","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 GM062300","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"GM53050","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"3R01GM053050-09S1","title":"CELL CYCLE CHECKPOINT THAT MONITORS MORPHOGENESIS"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"2R01GM062300-13","title":"Polarity Establishment in Yeast"}],"total_grants":7,"fwci":2.1501,"citation_percentile":0.87218378,"influential_citations":8,"citation_trend":[{"year":2013,"count":5},{"year":2014,"count":2},{"year":2015,"count":8},{"year":2016,"count":4},{"year":2017,"count":1},{"year":2018,"count":5},{"year":2019,"count":4},{"year":2020,"count":21},{"year":2021,"count":3},{"year":2023,"count":1},{"year":2024,"count":1},{"year":2025,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"CC BY NC SA","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e12-05-0400","host_type":"HYBRID"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22918946","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3459858","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3459858","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3459858?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E12-05-0400","host_type":""},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e12-05-0400","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Fungal and yeast genetics research","Cellular Mechanics and Interactions","Plant Reproductive Biology","Biology","Medicine","Chemistry","0301 basic medicine","0303 health sciences","03 medical and health sciences","Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing","Binding Sites","Cell Cycle Proteins","Cell Polarity","Microbial Viability","Microfilament Proteins","Profilins","Protein Binding","Protein Structure, Tertiary","Protein Transport","Saccharomyces cerevisiae","Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins","Spores, Fungal","cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein"],"mesh_terms":["Binding Sites","Microfilament Proteins","Protein Binding","Saccharomyces cerevisiae","Spores, Fungal","Cell Polarity","Protein Structure, Tertiary","Cell Cycle Proteins","cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein","Protein Transport","Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins","Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing","Microbial Viability","Profilins"],"keywords":["Formins","Biology","Cell biology","Actin cytoskeleton","Effector","GTPase","Actin","Cell polarity","CDC42","Profilin","Septin","MDia1","Cytoskeleton","Genetics","Cell","Cytokinesis","Cell division","Binding Sites","Microbial Viability","Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins","Microfilament Proteins","Cell Cycle Proteins","Articles","Saccharomyces cerevisiae","Spores, Fungal","Protein Structure, Tertiary","Profilins","Protein Transport","cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein","Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing","Protein 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