{"doi":"10.1089/zeb.2008.0555","title":"A Primer for Morpholino Use in Zebrafish","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Morpholino oligonucleotides are the most common anti-sense “knockdown” technique used in zebrafish (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Danio rerio</jats:italic>\n                    ). This review discusses common practices for the design, preparation, and deployment of morpholinos in this vertebrate model system. Off-targeting effects of morpholinos are discussed as well as method to minimize this potentially confounding variable via co-injection of a tP53-targeting morpholino. Finally, new uses of morpholinos are summarized and contextualized with respect to the complementary, DNA-based knockout technologies recently developed for zebrafish.\n                  </jats:p>","journal":"Zebrafish","year":2009,"id":594795,"datarank":0.922590415266942,"base_score":6.150602768446279,"endowment":6.150602768446279,"self_citation_contribution":0.922590415266942,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.922590415266942,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":468,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1522798,"name":"Andrew M. Petzold","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":207877,"name":"Karl J. Clark","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":413663,"name":"Lisa A. Schimmenti","orcid":"0000-0003-3154-4249","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":254326,"name":"Stephen C. Ekker","orcid":"0000-0003-0726-4212","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1522797,"name":"Brent R. Bill","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"A Primer for Morpholino Use in Zebrafish","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Morpholino oligonucleotides are the most common anti-sense “knockdown” technique used in zebrafish (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Danio rerio</jats:italic>\n                    ). This review discusses common practices for the design, preparation, and deployment of morpholinos in this vertebrate model system. Off-targeting effects of morpholinos are discussed as well as method to minimize this potentially confounding variable via co-injection of a tP53-targeting morpholino. Finally, new uses of morpholinos are summarized and contextualized with respect to the complementary, DNA-based knockout technologies recently developed for zebrafish.\n                  </jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":6.150602768446279,"endowment":6.150602768446279,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"19374550","pmcid":"PMC2776066","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2030792858","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NEI NIH HHS","grant_id":"T32 EY007133","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 GM063904","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"R56 GM063904","title":null}],"total_grants":3,"fwci":13.8443,"citation_percentile":0.99519827,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":36},{"year":2013,"count":48},{"year":2014,"count":37},{"year":2015,"count":35},{"year":2016,"count":30},{"year":2017,"count":33},{"year":2018,"count":34},{"year":2019,"count":28},{"year":2020,"count":15},{"year":2021,"count":24},{"year":2022,"count":28},{"year":2023,"count":14},{"year":2024,"count":12},{"year":2025,"count":15},{"year":2026,"count":6}],"oa_status":"hybrid","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2008.0555","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/zeb.2008.0555","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/zeb.2008.0555","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19374550","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2776066","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications","MicroRNA in disease regulation","CRISPR and Genetic Engineering","Animals","Gene Knockdown Techniques","Oligonucleotides","Zebrafish"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Oligonucleotides","Zebrafish","Gene Knockdown Techniques"],"keywords":["Morpholino","Zebrafish","Danio","Biology","Gene knockdown","Computational biology","Primer (cosmetics)","Bioinformatics","Genetics","Gene","Chemistry"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Life below water"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-27T15:36:10.240560Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}