{"doi":"10.1089/whr.2023.0057","title":"Legislation has Changed But Issues Remain: Provider Perceptions of Caring for People Who Use Cannabis During Pregnancy in Safety Net Health Settings, a Qualitative Pilot Study","abstract":"Objective: To identify perceptions of cannabis use and risk among maternal health providers who provide care for people who use cannabis during pregnancy in safety-net health settings. Methods: Using qualitative, constructivist ground theory methods, we conducted semistructured remote interviews with 10 providers (2 midwives, 6 OB/GYN physicians, and 2 OB/GYN residents) in Southern California, United States, between March 15, 2022, and April 6, 2022. We selected participants through selective sampling using a convenience sample and snowball approach. Providers were eligible for the study if they self-reported via survey to being a maternal health provider ( e.g ., physician, doula, midwife, and so on) providing care in a safety-net health setting and had cared for people who used cannabis during pregnancy in the last year. Analysis drew upon grounded theory methods to document the socio-structural contexts that contribute to provider perceptions about cannabis. This study was approved by the University of Southern California Institutional Review Board (UP-21-00282-AM009). Results: We identified three categories of provider perceptions of cannabis use and risk during pregnancy: (1) Relying on self-education, (2) Taking a case-by-case approach, and (3) Avoiding cannabis discussions to maintain an alliance with patients. Findings indicate that provider reluctance to counsel patients about cannabis in favor of preserving a therapeutic relationship can overlook the lack of resources and access to health care alternatives available to low-income patients that can shape self-medicating. Conclusions: Nonpunitive policies and training on cannabis use are critical steps for supporting providers to counsel patients who use cannabis during pregnancy, alongside a harm reduction approach that acknowledges the broader socio-structural contexts and barriers facing patients who disclose use.","journal":"Women s Health Reports","year":2023,"id":346454,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9434,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1086860,"name":"E Gould","orcid":"0009-0007-6778-614X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":805242,"name":"Julia Stal","orcid":"0000-0002-7911-7388","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1087298,"name":"Jen Laughter","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":997443,"name":"Michelle Tran","orcid":"0000-0002-7153-0872","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":107401,"name":"Shirlene Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-9132-4427","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1087299,"name":"J.J. Granacki","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1086861,"name":"Ryan S. Ziltzer","orcid":"0000-0002-1952-0626","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1086862,"name":"Jonielly Pereira dos Santos","orcid":"0009-0002-3750-6999","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":388925,"name":"Rachel Carmen Ceasar","orcid":"0000-0001-8156-6898","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":41,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:11:48.317335Z","pmid":"37529758","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}