{"doi":"10.1089/dia.2017.0388","title":"Beyond HbA1c: Comparing Glycemic Variability and Glycemic Indices in Predicting Hypoglycemia in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes","abstract":null,"journal":"Diabetes Technology &amp; Therapeutics","year":2018,"id":603202,"datarank":0.7168685239667295,"base_score":4.77912349311153,"endowment":4.77912349311153,"self_citation_contribution":0.7168685239667295,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.7168685239667295,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":118,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1547344,"name":"Wei Lin Tay","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":417350,"name":"Weng Kit Lye","orcid":"0000-0001-7392-2717","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1547345,"name":"Lee Ling Lim","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1547346,"name":"Jeyakantha Ratnasingam","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1547347,"name":"Alexander Tong Boon Tan","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1547348,"name":"Daphne S.L. Gardner","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1547343,"name":"Suresh Rama Chandran","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Beyond HbA1c: Comparing Glycemic Variability and Glycemic Indices in Predicting Hypoglycemia in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes","abstract":"Background: Hypoglycemia is the major impediment to therapy intensification in diabetes. Although higher individualized HbA1c targets are perceived to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in those at risk of hypoglycemia, HbA1c itself is a poor predictor of hypoglycemia. We assessed the use of glycemic variability (GV) and glycemic indices as independent predictors of hypoglycemia. Methods: A retrospective observational study of 60 type 1 and 100 type 2 diabetes subjects. All underwent professional continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for 3–6 days and recorded self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG). Indices were calculated from both CGM and SMBG. Statistical analyses included regression and area under receiver operator curve (AUC) analyses. Results: Hypoglycemia frequency (53.3% vs. 24%, P < 0.05) and %CV (40.1% ± 10% vs. 29.4% ± 7.8%, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in type 1 diabetes compared with type 2 diabetes. HbA1c was, at best, a weak predictor of hypoglycemia. %CVCGM, Low Blood Glucose Index (LBGI)CGM, Glycemic Risk Assessment Diabetes Equation (GRADE)HypoglycemiaCGM, and Hypoglycemia IndexCGM predicted hypoglycemia well. %CVCGM and %CVSMBG consistently remained a robust discriminator of hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes (AUC 0.88). In type 2 diabetes, a combination of HbA1c and %CVSMBG or LBGISMBG could help discriminate hypoglycemia. Conclusion: Assessment of glycemia should go beyond HbA1c and incorporate measures of GV and glycemic indices. %CVSMBG in type 1 diabetes and LBGISMBG or a combination of HbA1c and %CVSMBG in type 2 diabetes discriminated hypoglycemia well. In defining hypoglycemia risk using GV and glycemic indices, diabetes subtypes and data source (CGM vs. SMBG) must be considered.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.77912349311153,"endowment":4.77912349311153,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"29688755","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2802567037","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":9.533,"citation_percentile":0.98756062,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2018,"count":3},{"year":2019,"count":14},{"year":2020,"count":14},{"year":2021,"count":29},{"year":2022,"count":13},{"year":2023,"count":13},{"year":2024,"count":23},{"year":2025,"count":5},{"year":2026,"count":4}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"https://www.liebertpub.com/nv/resources-tools/text-and-data-mining-policy/121/","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1089/dia.2017.0388","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/dia.2017.0388","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/dia.2017.0388","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29688755","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Diabetes Management and Research","Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","Diabetes and associated disorders","Adult","Aged","Blood Glucose","Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring","Cross-Sectional Studies","Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","Female","Glycated Hemoglobin","Glycemic Index","Humans","Hypoglycemia","Male","Middle Aged","Retrospective Studies","Risk Assessment","Young Adult"],"mesh_terms":["Adult","Aged","Blood Glucose","Cross-Sectional Studies","Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","Female","Glycated Hemoglobin","Humans","Hypoglycemia","Male","Middle Aged","Retrospective Studies","Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring","Risk Assessment","Glycemic Index","Young Adult"],"keywords":["Hypoglycemia","Medicine","Glycemic","Diabetes mellitus","Type 2 diabetes","Type 1 diabetes","Internal medicine","Endocrinology","Continuous glucose monitoring","coefficient of variation","Glycemic Variability","Self-monitored Blood Glucose"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Reduced inequalities"},{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-29T21:21:04.614393Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}