{"doi":"10.1089/bfm.2023.0107","title":"Milk Biomarkers of Secretory Activation in Breast Pump-Dependent Mothers of Preterm Infants: An Integrative Review","abstract":"Background: Lack of mother's own milk (MOM) at discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is a global problem and is often attributable to inadequate MOM volume. Evidence suggests that the origins of this problem are during the first 14 days postpartum, a time period that includes secretory activation (SA; lactogenesis II, milk coming in ). Objectives: To describe and summarize evidence regarding use of MOM biomarkers (MBMs) as a measure of SA in pump-dependent mothers of preterm infants in the NICU and to identify knowledge gaps requiring further investigation. Methods: An integrative review was conducted using Whittemore and Knafl methodology incorporating the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist. A search using electronic databases MEDLINE (through PubMed) and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) and reference lists of included articles was conducted. Results: Of the 40 articles retrieved, 6 met the criteria for inclusion. Results revealed the following five findings: (1) Achievement of SA defined by MBMs is delayed and/or impaired in mothers of preterm infants. (2) MBMs are associated with pumped MOM volume. (3) Achievement of SA defined by MBMs is associated with pumping frequency. (4) Delayed and/or impaired achievement of SA defined by MBMs may be exacerbated by maternal comorbidities. (5) There is a lack of consensus as to which MBM(s) and analysis techniques should be used in research and practice. Conclusions: MBMs hold tremendous potential to document and monitor achievement of SA in mothers of preterm infants, with multiple implications for research and clinical practice.","journal":"Breastfeeding Medicine","year":2024,"id":430881,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":17,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9566,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1234277,"name":"Rebecca Hoban","orcid":"0000-0001-9457-8791","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":735099,"name":"Marion M. Bendixen","orcid":"0000-0002-6954-9363","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1234278,"name":"Clarisa Medina Poeliniz","orcid":"0000-0002-6593-0458","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":296045,"name":"Tricia J. Johnson","orcid":"0000-0003-4768-0042","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":296046,"name":"Paula P. Meier","orcid":"0000-0001-8834-8922","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":411373,"name":"Leslie A. Parker","orcid":"0000-0001-8787-7945","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":46,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:59:20.861374Z","pmid":"38241129","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}