{"doi":"10.1088/1674-1137/38/9/090001","title":"Review of Particle Physics","abstract":"<jats:p>The <jats:italic>Review</jats:italic> summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,283 new measurements from 899 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as heavy neutrinos, supersymmetric and technicolor particles, axions, dark photons, etc. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Supersymmetry, Extra Dimensions, Particle Detectors, Probability, and Statistics. Among the 112 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on: Dark Energy, Higgs Boson Physics, Electroweak Model, Neutrino Cross Section Measurements, Monte Carlo Neutrino Generators, Top Quark, Dark Matter, Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Accelerator Physics of Colliders, High-Energy Collider Parameters, Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, Astrophysical Constants and Cosmological Parameters.</jats:p>\n               <jats:p>All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http://pdg.lbl.gov\">http://pdg.lbl.gov</jats:ext-link>.</jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:table-wrap orientation=\"portrait\" position=\"float\">\n                     <jats:table>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:bold>Contents</jats:bold>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"> </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:bold>Abstract, Contributors, Highlights and Table of Contents</jats:bold>\n                           </jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0001-0008.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (4.4 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"> </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:bold>Introduction</jats:bold>\n                           </jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0009-0024.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (595 KB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"> </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:bold>Particle Physics Summary Tables</jats:bold>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Gauge and Higgs bosons</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0027-0029.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (204 KB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Leptons</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0030-0032.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (167 KB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Quarks</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0033.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (115 KB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Mesons</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0034-0078.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (976 KB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Baryons</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0079-0093.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (384 KB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Searches (Supersymmetry, Compositeness, etc.)</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0094-0095.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (120 KB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Tests of conservation laws</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0096-0106.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (383 KB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"> </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:bold>Reviews, Tables, and Plots</jats:bold>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Detailed contents for this section</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0107.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (73 KB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Constants, Units, Atomic and Nuclear Properties</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0109-0121.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (395 KB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Standard Model and Related Topics</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0122-0321.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (8.37 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Astrophysics and Cosmology</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0322-0385.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (3.79 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Experimental Methods and Colliders</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0386-0466.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (3.82 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Mathematical Tools of Statistics, Monte Carlo, Group Theory      </jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0467-0507.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (1.77 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Kinematics, Cross-Section Formulae, and Plots</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0508-0544.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (3.57 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"> </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:bold>Particle Listings</jats:bold>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Illustrative key and abbreviations</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0547-0556.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (325 KB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Gauge and Higgs bosons</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0557-0644.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (2.38 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Leptons</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0645-0721.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (2.03 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Quarks</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0723-0770.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (1.51 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Mesons: Light unflavored and strange</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0771-0964.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (4.91 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Mesons: Charmed and bottom</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_0965-1247.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (9.03 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Mesons: Other</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_1248-1367.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (4.03 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Baryons</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_1369-1543.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (4.54 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">Miscellaneous searches</jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_1545-1658.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (3.98 MB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\"> </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                        <jats:tr>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:bold>Index</jats:bold>\n                           </jats:td>\n                           <jats:td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n                              <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"rpp2014_1661-1676.pdf\">Acrobat PDF (276 KB)</jats:ext-link>\n                           </jats:td>\n                        </jats:tr>\n                     </jats:table>\n                  </jats:table-wrap>\n               </jats:p>","journal":"Chinese Physics C","year":2014,"id":11118,"datarank":13.69809414314071,"base_score":8.82585367025321,"endowment":8.82585367025321,"self_citation_contribution":1.3238780505379817,"citation_network_contribution":12.374216092602728,"self_endowment_contribution":1.3238780505379817,"citer_contribution":12.374216092602728,"corpus_percentile":87.8,"corpus_rank":1767,"citation_count":6807,"citer_count":200,"citers_with_citation_signal":200,"citers_with_endowment":200,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2014-08-01","authors":[{"id":15304,"name":"Brian D. 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