{"doi":"10.1086/315156","title":"Circulating Autoantibodies to Erythropoietin Are Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Related Anemia","abstract":"In a cohort of 204 unselected consecutive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients, the association of circulating autoantibodies to endogenous erythropoietin (EPO) with HIV-1-related anemia was studied. Circulating autoantibodies to EPO were present in 48 (23.5%) of the 204 patients studied. Circulating autoantibodies were an independent predictor of anemia (odds ratio [OR]=5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5-9.9), as strong as other known causes of anemia. The association of anti-EPO antibodies with anemia became stronger when the analysis was limited to the group of patients without any medical condition causing anemia (OR=10.4; 95% CI, 3.2-33.9). Moreover, the effect on hemoglobin levels remained significant even after adjusting for other anemia parameters. Anti-EPO autoantibodies were associated with higher EPO levels (r=.25, P=.012) and with a more prominent EPO response to anemia. Our findings suggest that autoimmunity, among other factors, may contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV-1-related anemia.","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","year":1999,"id":281,"datarank":0.5742962094733643,"base_score":3.828641396489095,"endowment":3.828641396489095,"self_citation_contribution":0.5742962094733643,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5742962094733643,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":45,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.046,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"1999-12-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":97196,"name":"Styliani I G Kokori","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":148,"name":"John P. A. Ioannidis","orcid":"0000-0003-3118-6859","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2742,"name":"Despina Kyriaki","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2743,"name":"Athanasios G. Tzioufas","orcid":"0000-0001-6666-8642","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2744,"name":"Theodore Kordossis","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2745,"name":"T. Kordossis","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2740,"name":"Nikolaos V. Sipsas","orcid":"0000-0001-6955-3453","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":13,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}