{"doi":"10.1084/jem.20251962","title":"Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs in a fatal case of H5N1 avian influenza","abstract":"Avian influenza A virus (IAV) H5N1 is an emerging threat of human pandemic. We describe a 71-year-old man who died of H5N1 pneumonia in Louisiana and whose blood contained autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs (AAN-I-IFNs), including the 12 IFN-α subtypes (1-10 ng/ml) and IFN-ω (100 pg/ml). Causality between these AAN-I-IFN and lethal outcome of avian influenza in this patient is based on (1) our previous report that AA-I-IFN underlie about 5% of cases of critical pneumonia triggered by seasonal influenza viruses in three cohorts, (2) the rarity of this combination of AAN-I-FNs in individuals over 70 years old (<1%), and (3) the rarity of lethal avian influenza among infected individuals (<1%). AAN-I-IFNs underlie a growing number of severe viral diseases, from arboviral encephalitis to viral pneumonia, particularly in the elderly. This case suggests they can also underlie life-threatening avian H5N1 influenza. The presence of AAN-I-IFN may facilitate infection, replication, and adaptation of zoonotic IAVs to humans and, therefore, human-to-human transmission.","journal":"The Journal of Experimental Medicine","year":2025,"id":514624,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":8,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9542,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1377341,"name":"Taylor Conrad","orcid":"0000-0002-8667-0800","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104461,"name":"Marcela Moncada‐Vélez","orcid":"0000-0002-3073-5345","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104917,"name":"Kaijun Jiang","orcid":"0000-0002-3607-2220","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2417,"name":"Anastasija Čupić","orcid":"0000-0002-1291-1042","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1377342,"name":"Jonathan Eaton","orcid":"0009-0009-9116-6391","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1377343,"name":"Kimberley Hutchinson","orcid":"0009-0008-3404-1915","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":615375,"name":"Adrian Gervais","orcid":"0000-0002-1083-5787","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1377344,"name":"Ruyue Chen","orcid":"0000-0003-3195-6446","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104226,"name":"Anne Puel","orcid":"0000-0003-2603-0323","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104138,"name":"Paul Bastard","orcid":"0000-0002-5926-8437","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":57371,"name":"Aurélie Cobat","orcid":"0000-0001-7209-6257","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1025907,"name":"Theresa Sokol","orcid":"0009-0007-2102-5281","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":266263,"name":"Ryan A. Langlois","orcid":"0000-0002-0515-571X","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2411,"name":"Lisa Miorin","orcid":"0000-0003-0989-3178","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1489,"name":"Adolfo Garcı́a-Sastre","orcid":"0000-0002-6551-1827","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301633,"name":"John A. Vanchiere","orcid":"0000-0001-6863-4323","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":57373,"name":"Jean-Laurent Casanova","orcid":"0000-0002-7782-4169","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104140,"name":"Qian Zhang","orcid":"0000-0002-9040-3289","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":34,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:48:29.165853Z","pmid":"41348320","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}