{"doi":"10.1084/jem.20230661","title":"Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs underlie West Nile virus encephalitis in ∼40% of patients","abstract":"Mosquito-borne West Nile virus (WNV) infection is benign in most individuals but can cause encephalitis in <1% of infected individuals. We show that ∼35% of patients hospitalized for WNV disease (WNVD) in six independent cohorts from the EU and USA carry auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α and/or -ω. The prevalence of these antibodies is highest in patients with encephalitis (∼40%), and that in individuals with silent WNV infection is as low as that in the general population. The odds ratios for WNVD in individuals with these auto-Abs relative to those without them in the general population range from 19.0 (95% CI 15.0-24.0, P value <10-15) for auto-Abs neutralizing only 100 pg/ml IFN-α and/or IFN-ω to 127.4 (CI 87.1-186.4, P value <10-15) for auto-Abs neutralizing both IFN-α and IFN-ω at a concentration of 10 ng/ml. These antibodies block the protective effect of IFN-α in Vero cells infected with WNV in vitro. Auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α and/or IFN-ω underlie ∼40% of cases of WNV encephalitis.","journal":"The Journal of Experimental Medicine","year":2023,"id":316074,"datarank":0.7218276533058626,"base_score":4.812184355372417,"endowment":4.812184355372417,"self_citation_contribution":0.7218276533058626,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.7218276533058626,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":122,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9563,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1018719,"name":"Francesca Rovida","orcid":"0000-0003-2345-2790","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018720,"name":"Maria Antonietta Avanzini","orcid":"0000-0002-6056-9018","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018721,"name":"Stefania Croce","orcid":"0000-0001-9176-4257","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":848088,"name":"Astrid Marchal","orcid":"0000-0003-0648-8126","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":70287,"name":"Shih‐Ching Lin","orcid":"0000-0003-2960-5348","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018722,"name":"Alessandro Ferrari","orcid":"0000-0003-2397-7079","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":513615,"name":"Christian W. Thorball","orcid":"0000-0002-6869-6943","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018723,"name":"Orianne Constant","orcid":"0000-0003-4141-5563","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":618891,"name":"Tom Le Voyer","orcid":"0000-0002-7253-3135","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104145,"name":"Quentin Philippot","orcid":"0000-0003-3429-9605","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104146,"name":"Jérémie Rosain","orcid":"0000-0002-2822-161X","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018724,"name":"Micol Angelini","orcid":"0000-0001-7255-4115","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018725,"name":"Malena Pérez Lorenzo","orcid":"0000-0002-7933-5211","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104153,"name":"Lucy Bizien","orcid":"0000-0001-9163-9122","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018726,"name":"Cristian Achille","orcid":"0000-0003-4528-7079","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018727,"name":"Francesca Trespidi","orcid":"0009-0007-7206-6796","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018728,"name":"Elisa Burdino","orcid":"0000-0003-4324-8412","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":628140,"name":"Irene Cassaniti","orcid":"0000-0002-3385-2088","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":512070,"name":"Daniele Lilleri","orcid":"0000-0001-7747-7622","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018729,"name":"Chiara Fornara","orcid":"0000-0002-8589-2647","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":628153,"name":"Josè Camilla Sammartino","orcid":"0000-0003-3707-3118","position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018730,"name":"Danilo Cereda","orcid":"0000-0001-5945-5710","position":22,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018731,"name":"Chiara Marrocu","orcid":"0000-0002-7543-9662","position":23,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":628157,"name":"Antonio Piralla","orcid":"0000-0002-6062-2579","position":24,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018732,"name":"Chiara Valsecchi","orcid":"0000-0001-6103-2880","position":25,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":176543,"name":"Stefano Ricagno","orcid":"0000-0001-6678-5873","position":26,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018733,"name":"Paola Cogo","orcid":"0000-0002-6235-140X","position":27,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":846626,"name":"Olaf Neth","orcid":"0000-0001-5018-0466","position":28,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018734,"name":"Inés Marín‐Cruz","orcid":"0000-0002-5106-4085","position":29,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018735,"name":"Monia Pacenti","orcid":"0000-0002-9792-9195","position":30,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018736,"name":"Alessandro Sinigaglia","orcid":"0000-0002-2386-1757","position":31,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018737,"name":"Marta Trevisan","orcid":"0000-0002-3148-7240","position":32,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018738,"name":"Andrea Volpe","orcid":"0009-0009-2711-9638","position":33,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":668336,"name":"Antonio Marzollo","orcid":"0000-0003-2177-8500","position":34,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018739,"name":"Francesca Conti","orcid":"0000-0002-3665-8926","position":35,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018740,"name":"Tiziana Lazzarotto","orcid":"0000-0003-3093-363X","position":36,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018741,"name":"Andrea Pession","orcid":"0000-0002-0379-9562","position":37,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":646665,"name":"Pierluigi Viale","orcid":"0000-0003-1264-0008","position":38,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":31310,"name":"Jacques Fellay","orcid":"0000-0002-8240-939X","position":39,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018742,"name":"Stefano Ghirardello","orcid":"0000-0002-0621-155X","position":40,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":273552,"name":"Mélodie Aubart","orcid":"0000-0002-4383-7930","position":41,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018743,"name":"Valeria Ghisetti","orcid":"0000-0002-7808-190X","position":42,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104170,"name":"Alessandro Aiuti","orcid":"0000-0002-5398-1717","position":43,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104229,"name":"Emmanuelle Jouanguy","orcid":"0000-0002-7358-9157","position":44,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104138,"name":"Paul Bastard","orcid":"0000-0002-5926-8437","position":45,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":628141,"name":"Elena Percivalle","orcid":"0000-0002-3355-1410","position":46,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":628158,"name":"Fausto Baldanti","orcid":"0000-0002-3358-8969","position":47,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104226,"name":"Anne Puel","orcid":"0000-0003-2603-0323","position":48,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":228346,"name":"Margaret R. MacDonald","orcid":"0000-0001-5177-2068","position":49,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104737,"name":"Charles M. Rice","orcid":"0000-0003-3087-8079","position":50,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018744,"name":"Giada Rossini","orcid":"0000-0002-8917-6680","position":51,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":470996,"name":"Kristy O. Murray","orcid":"0000-0002-6921-3413","position":52,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018745,"name":"Yannick Simonin","orcid":"0000-0002-3475-1369","position":53,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":796369,"name":"Anna Nagy","orcid":"0000-0002-4081-2308","position":54,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1018746,"name":"Luisa Barzon","orcid":"0000-0003-0720-8456","position":55,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241301,"name":"Laurent Abel","orcid":"0000-0001-7016-6493","position":56,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":249782,"name":"Michael S. Diamond","orcid":"0000-0002-6646-6781","position":57,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":57371,"name":"Aurélie Cobat","orcid":"0000-0001-7209-6257","position":58,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":57374,"name":"Shen-Ying Zhang","orcid":"0000-0002-9449-3672","position":59,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":57373,"name":"Jean-Laurent Casanova","orcid":"0000-0002-7782-4169","position":60,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":667480,"name":"A. Borghesi","orcid":"0000-0002-8773-9144","position":61,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":615375,"name":"Adrian Gervais","orcid":"0000-0002-1083-5787","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":52,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:06:32.274501Z","pmid":"37347462","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}