{"doi":"10.1083/jcb.202005179","title":"Evidence for anaphase pulling forces during<i>C. elegans</i>meiosis","abstract":"Anaphase chromosome movement is thought to be mediated by pulling forces generated by end-on attachment of microtubules to the outer face of kinetochores. However, it has been suggested that during C. elegans female meiosis, anaphase is mediated by a kinetochore-independent pushing mechanism with microtubules only attached to the inner face of segregating chromosomes. We found that the kinetochore proteins KNL-1 and KNL-3 are required for preanaphase chromosome stretching, suggesting a role in pulling forces. In the absence of KNL-1,3, pairs of homologous chromosomes did not separate and did not move toward a spindle pole. Instead, each homolog pair moved together with the same spindle pole during anaphase B spindle elongation. Two masses of chromatin thus ended up at opposite spindle poles, giving the appearance of successful anaphase.","journal":"The Journal of Cell Biology","year":2020,"id":93933,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":39,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9507,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":468303,"name":"Michelle T. Panzica","orcid":"0000-0002-1900-981X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":468304,"name":"Karen Perry McNally","orcid":"0000-0002-5304-140X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":468305,"name":"Elizabeth Vargas","orcid":"0000-0003-4007-1711","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":468831,"name":"Cynthia Bailey","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":202404,"name":"Wenzhe Li","orcid":"0000-0001-8797-8965","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":435866,"name":"Ting Gong","orcid":"0000-0001-7268-9693","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":468832,"name":"Elizabeth S. Fishman","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":468306,"name":"Xueer Jiang","orcid":"0000-0002-7185-2900","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":468307,"name":"Francis J. McNally","orcid":"0000-0003-2106-3062","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":468302,"name":"Brennan M. Danlasky","orcid":"0000-0003-4320-8197","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":71,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T22:31:34.149524Z","pmid":"33064834","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}