{"doi":"10.1083/jcb.200212040","title":"Formin-dependent actin assembly is regulated by distinct modes of Rho signaling in yeast","abstract":"<jats:p>Formins are actin filament nucleators regulated by Rho-GTPases. In budding yeast, the formins Bni1p and Bnr1p direct the assembly of actin cables, which guide polarized secretion and growth. From the six yeast Rho proteins (Cdc42p and Rho1–5p), we have determined that four participate in the regulation of formin activity. We show that the essential function of Rho3p and Rho4p is to activate the formins Bni1p and Bnr1p, and that activated alleles of either formin are able to bypass the requirement for these Rho proteins. Through a separate signaling pathway, Rho1p is necessary for formin activation at elevated temperatures, acting through protein kinase C (Pkc1p), the major effector for Rho1p signaling to the actin cytoskeleton. Although Pkc1p also activates a MAPK pathway, this pathway does not function in formin activation. Formin-dependent cable assembly does not require Cdc42p, but in the absence of Cdc42p function, cable assembly is not properly organized during initiation of bud growth. These results show that formin function is under the control of three distinct, essential Rho signaling pathways.</jats:p>","journal":"The Journal of Cell Biology","year":2003,"id":42304,"datarank":6.839301789101222,"base_score":5.087596335232384,"endowment":5.087596335232384,"self_citation_contribution":0.7631394502848576,"citation_network_contribution":6.076162338816365,"self_endowment_contribution":0.7631394502848576,"citer_contribution":6.076162338816365,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":161,"citer_count":159,"citers_with_citation_signal":136,"citers_with_endowment":136,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":202645,"name":"David 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and yeast genetics research","Cellular transport and secretion","Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease","Biology","Medicine","0301 basic medicine","0303 health sciences","03 medical and health sciences","Actin Cytoskeleton","Carrier Proteins","Cells, Cultured","Cytoskeletal Proteins","GTP-Binding Proteins","Microfilament Proteins","Protein Kinase C","Saccharomyces cerevisiae","Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins","Signal Transduction","Temperature","cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae","rho GTP-Binding Proteins"],"mesh_terms":["Carrier Proteins","Cells, Cultured","Cytoskeletal Proteins","Microfilament Proteins","Actin Cytoskeleton","Protein Kinase C","Saccharomyces cerevisiae","Temperature","Signal Transduction","GTP-Binding Proteins","rho GTP-Binding Proteins","cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae","Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins"],"keywords":["Formins","MDia1","Cell biology","Biology","Actin cytoskeleton","Actin","Actin remodeling","Signal transduction","Cytoskeleton","Saccharomyces cerevisiae","CDC42","Yeast","Genetics","Cell","cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae","rho GTP-Binding Proteins","Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins","Microfilament Proteins","Temperature","Article","Cytoskeletal Proteins","GTP-Binding Proteins","Carrier Proteins","Cells, Cultured","Protein Kinase 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