{"doi":"10.1080/09737766.2017.1284954","title":"h-based<i>I3</i>-type multivariate vectors: multidimensional indicators of publication and citation scores","abstract":"Citations and publications cannot be compared without a model. We combine the Integrated Impact Indicator (I3) and the h-index into a single framework for multivariate measurement. We propose that the h-based I3-type publication and citation vectors can be used as multi-dimensional indicators in academic evaluations. Whereas I3 is based on the transformation of the citation distribution into quantiles, the h-index allows for defining three rank classes of both publications and citations, respectively: the publication vector X and the citation vector Y. The I3-type publication score I3X and the citation score I3Y can be used as single numbers to integrate and represent the publication vector X and citation vector Y. X and Y provide multivariate vectors, and I3X and I3Y integrate the multidimensional information. X = (X1, X2, X3) and Y = (Y1, Y2, Y3) (and I3X = X1 + X2 + X3 and I3Y = Y1 + Y2 + Y3, respectively) are practically applied to process the 3-dimensional distributions of academic information using the journals in library and information science as empirical examples.","journal":"COLLNET Journal of Scientometrics and Information Management","year":2017,"id":3133,"datarank":0.24141568686511508,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"self_citation_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.0449,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2017-01-02","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":661,"name":"Lutz Bornmann","orcid":"0000-0003-0810-7091","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":663,"name":"Loet Leydesdorff","orcid":"0000-0002-7835-3098","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":7958,"name":"Fred Y. Ye","orcid":"0000-0001-9426-934X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":35,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}