{"doi":"10.1073/pnas.92.21.9525","title":"A nuclear hormone receptor-associated protein that inhibits transactivation by the thyroid hormone and retinoic acid receptors.","abstract":"<jats:p>Nuclear hormone receptors are transcription factors that require multiple protein-protein interactions to regulate the expression of their target genes. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we identified a protein, thyroid hormone receptor uncoupling protein (TRUP), that specifically interacts with a region of the human thyroid hormone receptor (TR) consisting of the hinge region and the N-terminal portion of the ligand binding domain in a hormone-independent manner. Interestingly, TRUP inhibits transactivation by TR and the retinoic acid receptor but has no effect on the estrogen receptor or the retinoid X receptor in mammalian cells. We also demonstrate that TRUP exerts its action on TR and retinoic acid receptor by interfering with their abilities to interact with their DNA. TRUP represents a type of regulatory protein that modulates the transcriptional activity of a subclass of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily by preventing interaction with their genomic response elements.</jats:p>","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","year":1995,"id":589427,"datarank":4.888715351093513,"base_score":4.61512051684126,"endowment":4.61512051684126,"self_citation_contribution":0.692268077526189,"citation_network_contribution":4.1964472735673235,"self_endowment_contribution":0.692268077526189,"citer_contribution":4.1964472735673235,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":100,"citer_count":96,"citers_with_citation_signal":87,"citers_with_endowment":87,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1508073,"name":"Z Nawaz","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":136233,"name":"M J Tsai","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":147438,"name":"B W O'Malley","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1508072,"name":"T P Burris","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"A nuclear hormone receptor-associated protein that inhibits transactivation by the thyroid hormone and retinoic acid receptors.","abstract":"<jats:p>Nuclear hormone receptors are transcription factors that require multiple protein-protein interactions to regulate the expression of their target genes. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we identified a protein, thyroid hormone receptor uncoupling protein (TRUP), that specifically interacts with a region of the human thyroid hormone receptor (TR) consisting of the hinge region and the N-terminal portion of the ligand binding domain in a hormone-independent manner. Interestingly, TRUP inhibits transactivation by TR and the retinoic acid receptor but has no effect on the estrogen receptor or the retinoid X receptor in mammalian cells. We also demonstrate that TRUP exerts its action on TR and retinoic acid receptor by interfering with their abilities to interact with their DNA. TRUP represents a type of regulatory protein that modulates the transcriptional activity of a subclass of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily by preventing interaction with their genomic response elements.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.61512051684126,"endowment":4.61512051684126,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"7568167","pmcid":"PMC40834","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2013941409","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":5.6385,"citation_percentile":0.96857542,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":1},{"year":2015,"count":3},{"year":2017,"count":4},{"year":2018,"count":1},{"year":2021,"count":1},{"year":2022,"count":2},{"year":2023,"count":1},{"year":2025,"count":1},{"year":2026,"count":1}],"oa_status":"green","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.92.21.9525","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.92.21.9525","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7568167","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC40834","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/40834","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes","Estrogen and related hormone effects","Biotin and Related Studies"],"mesh_terms":["Amino Acid Sequence","Animals","Humans","Molecular Sequence Data","Protein Binding","Receptors, Estrogen","Receptors, Thyroid Hormone","Repressor Proteins","Ribosomal Proteins","Transcription Factors","Transcriptional Activation","Receptors, Retinoic Acid","Retinoid X Receptors"],"keywords":["Thyroid hormone receptor","Retinoid X receptor gamma","Thyroid hormone receptor beta","Nuclear receptor","Estrogen-related receptor gamma","Retinoid X receptor alpha","Retinoid X receptor beta","Transactivation","Retinoic acid receptor","Thyroid hormone receptor alpha","Hormone receptor","Growth-hormone-releasing hormone receptor","Retinoid X receptor","Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1","Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor","Biology","Retinoic acid receptor alpha","Hormone response element","Estrogen receptor beta","Retinoic acid receptor beta","Estrogen receptor","Receptor","Biochemistry","Transcription factor","Retinoic acid","Genetics","Gene"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-23T18:21:49.482308Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}