{"doi":"10.1073/pnas.91.5.1932","title":"RGD sequence of foot-and-mouth disease virus isessential for infecting cells via the natural receptor but can be bypassed by anantibody-dependent enhancement pathway.","abstract":"<jats:p>Foot-and-mouth disease virus appears to initiate\ninfection by binding to cells at an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence found in the\nflexible beta G-beta H loop of the viral capsid protein VP1. The role of the RGD\nsequence in attachment of virus to cells was tested by using synthetic\nfull-length viral RNAs mutated within or near the RGD sequence. Baby hamster\nkidney (BHK) cells transfected with three different RNAs carrying mutations\nbordering the RGD sequence produced infectious viruses with wild-type plaque\nmorphology; however, one of these mutant viruses bound to cells less efficiently\nthan wild type. BHK cells transfected with RNAs containing changes within the\nRGD sequence produced noninfectious particles indistinguishable from wild-type\nvirus in terms of sedimentation coefficient, binding to monoclonal antibodies,\nand protein composition. These virus-like particles are defined as ads- viruses,\nsince they were unable to adsorb to and infect BHK cells. These mutants were\ndefective only in cell binding, since antibody-complexed ads- viruses were able\nto infect Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing an immunoglobulin Fc receptor.\nThese results confirm the essential role of the RGD sequence in binding of\nfoot-and-mouth disease virus to susceptible cells and demonstrate that the\nnatural cellular receptor for the virus serves only to bind virus to the\ncell.</jats:p>","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","year":1994,"id":41846,"datarank":12.524492695540271,"base_score":5.541263545158426,"endowment":5.541263545158426,"self_citation_contribution":0.831189531773764,"citation_network_contribution":11.693303163766506,"self_endowment_contribution":0.831189531773764,"citer_contribution":11.693303163766506,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":254,"citer_count":200,"citers_with_citation_signal":200,"citers_with_endowment":200,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":201048,"name":"E Rieder","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":201051,"name":"B Baxt","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":201046,"name":"P W Mason","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":5.541263545158426,"endowment":5.541263545158426,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"8127909","pmcid":"PMC43278","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W1978908436","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":38.4469,"citation_percentile":0.99964881,"influential_citations":9,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":7},{"year":2013,"count":7},{"year":2014,"count":13},{"year":2015,"count":4},{"year":2016,"count":6},{"year":2017,"count":2},{"year":2018,"count":3},{"year":2019,"count":6},{"year":2020,"count":5},{"year":2021,"count":3},{"year":2023,"count":2},{"year":2024,"count":2},{"year":2025,"count":1}],"oa_status":"green","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/43278","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/91/5/1932.full.pdf","host_type":"BRONZE"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/43278","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.91.5.1932","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.5.1932","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8127909","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology","Viral Infections and Immunology Research","Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects","Medicine","Biology","Adsorption","Amino Acid Sequence","Animals","Antibodies, Viral","Aphthovirus","CHO Cells","Capsid","Capsid Proteins","Cell Line","Cricetinae","DNA, Viral","Genetic Engineering","Molecular Sequence Data","Mutagenesis, Site-Directed","Oligopeptides","Receptors, Fc","Receptors, Virus","Transfection","Virus Replication"],"mesh_terms":["Adsorption","Amino Acid Sequence","Animals","Antibodies, Viral","Capsid","Cell Line","DNA, Viral","Aphthovirus","Genetic Engineering","Cricetinae","Molecular Sequence Data","Oligopeptides","Receptors, Fc","Receptors, Virus","Transfection","Virus Replication","Mutagenesis, Site-Directed","CHO Cells","Capsid Proteins"],"keywords":["Foot-and-mouth disease virus","Baby hamster kidney cell","Biology","Virus","Virology","Capsid","Transfection","Chinese hamster ovary cell","Aphthovirus","Antibody","Antibody-dependent enhancement","Mutant","Molecular biology","Cell culture","Hamster","Monoclonal antibody","Viral replication","Gene","Biochemistry","Genetics"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Life in Land"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-13T10:11:57.176863Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}