{"doi":"10.1073/pnas.2315463120","title":"Development of prediction models to identify hotspots of schistosomiasis in endemic regions to guide mass drug administration","abstract":"Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting over 150 million people. Hotspots of Schistosoma transmission—communities where infection prevalence does not decline adequately with mass drug administration—present a key challenge in eliminating schistosomiasis. Current approaches to identify hotspots require evaluation 2–5 y after a baseline survey and subsequent mass drug administration. Here, we develop statistical models to predict hotspots at baseline prior to treatment comparing three common hotspot definitions, using epidemiologic, survey-based, and remote sensing data. In a reanalysis of randomized trials in 589 communities in five endemic countries, a regression model predicts whether Schistosoma mansoni infection prevalence will exceed the WHO threshold of 10% in year 5 (“prevalence hotspot”) with 86% sensitivity, 74% specificity, and 93% negative predictive value (NPV; assuming 30% hotspot prevalence), and a regression model for Schistosoma haematobium achieves 90% sensitivity, 90% specificity, and 96% NPV. A random forest model predicts whether S. mansoni moderate and heavy infection prevalence will exceed a public health goal of 1% in year 5 (“intensity hotspot”) with 92% sensitivity, 79% specificity, and 96% NPV, and a boosted trees model for S. haematobium achieves 77% sensitivity, 95% specificity, and 91% NPV. Baseline prevalence is a top predictor in all models. Prediction is less accurate in countries not represented in training data and for a third hotspot definition based on relative prevalence reduction over time (“persistent hotspot”). These models may be a tool to prioritize high-risk communities for more frequent surveillance or intervention against schistosomiasis, but prediction of hotspots remains a challenge.","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","year":2024,"id":434576,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9522,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":822518,"name":"Jean T. Coulibaly","orcid":"0000-0002-3626-6068","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":983886,"name":"Hailey J. Park","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":231886,"name":"Jason R. Andrews","orcid":"0000-0002-5967-251X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":297725,"name":"Isaac I. Bogoch","orcid":"0000-0003-1590-6748","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":231928,"name":"Nathan C. Lo","orcid":"0000-0002-5407-2005","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":983353,"name":"Benjamin J. Singer","orcid":"0000-0003-3062-2620","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":59,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:59:58.582186Z","pmid":"38181058","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}