{"doi":"10.1073/pnas.2220415120","title":"Virulence differences of mpox (monkeypox) virus clades I, IIa, and IIb.1 in a small animal model","abstract":"Human mpox (monkeypox), a disease with similarities to smallpox, is endemic in Africa where it has persisted as a zoonosis with limited human-to-human spread. Unexpectedly, the disease expanded globally in 2022 driven by human-to-human transmission outside of Africa. It is not yet known whether the latter is due solely to behavioral and environmental factors or whether the mpox virus is adapting to a new host. Genome sequencing has revealed differences between the current outbreak strains, classified as clade IIb, and the prior clade IIa and clade I viruses, but whether these differences contribute to virulence or transmission has not been determined. We demonstrate that the wild-derived inbred castaneous mouse provides an exceptional animal model for investigating clade differences in mpox virus virulence and show that the order is clade I > clade IIa > clade IIb.1. The greatly reduced replication of the clade IIb.1 major outbreak strain in mice and absence of lethality at 100 times the lethal dose of a closely related clade IIa virus, despite similar multiplication in cell culture, suggest that clade IIb is evolving diminished virulence or adapting to other species.","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","year":2023,"id":315152,"datarank":0.8027787200214102,"base_score":5.351858133476067,"endowment":5.351858133476067,"self_citation_contribution":0.8027787200214102,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.8027787200214102,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":210,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9533,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":321485,"name":"Patricia L. Earl","orcid":"0009-0007-2610-1271","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":321487,"name":"Bernard Moss","orcid":"0000-0002-2154-8564","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":321486,"name":"Jeffrey L. Americo","orcid":"0009-0001-8648-6325","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":28,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:06:25.560098Z","pmid":"36787354","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}