{"doi":"10.1073/pnas.2215068120","title":"Switch-like compaction of poly(ADP-ribose) upon cation binding","abstract":"Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) is a homopolymer of adenosine diphosphate ribose that is added to proteins as a posttranslational modification to regulate numerous cellular processes. PAR also serves as a scaffold for protein binding in macromolecular complexes, including biomolecular condensates. It remains unclear how PAR achieves specific molecular recognition. Here, we use single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) to evaluate PAR flexibility under different cation conditions. We demonstrate that, compared to RNA and DNA, PAR has a longer persistence length and undergoes a sharper transition from extended to compact states in physiologically relevant concentrations of various cations (Na + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , and spermine 4+ ). We show that the degree of PAR compaction depends on the concentration and valency of cations. Furthermore, the intrinsically disordered protein FUS also served as a macromolecular cation to compact PAR. Taken together, our study reveals the inherent stiffness of PAR molecules, which undergo switch-like compaction in response to cation binding. This study indicates that a cationic environment may drive recognition specificity of PAR.","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","year":2023,"id":337208,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":18,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9593,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1068519,"name":"Adam Kenet","orcid":"0000-0003-2109-3480","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":467477,"name":"Laura R. Ganser","orcid":"0000-0002-7357-4588","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":475672,"name":"Tapas Paul","orcid":"0000-0001-7508-5676","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":284455,"name":"Sua Myong","orcid":"0000-0001-9098-3423","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":236295,"name":"Anthony K. L. Leung","orcid":"0000-0001-5569-4036","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":344020,"name":"Mohsen Badiee","orcid":"0000-0003-3722-4609","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":73,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:10:26.690308Z","pmid":"37126687","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}