{"doi":"10.1073/pnas.2107425118","title":"Absence of carbonic anhydrase in chloroplasts affects C <sub>3</sub> plant development but not photosynthesis","abstract":"Significance Carbonic anhydrase enzymes located in chloroplast stroma have been hypothesized to facilitate photosynthesis in C 3 plants because they catalyze a reaction involving bicarbonate and CO 2 , a substrate of the carbon-fixing enzyme RuBisCO. To test this possibility, tobacco mutants completely lacking chloroplast stromal carbonic anhydrase activity were produced by CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis. The plants displayed normal photosystem II activity and CO 2 assimilation but also abnormal development and increased reactive oxygen species and stromal pH. We conclude that chloroplast carbonic anhydrase does not play a direct role in providing CO 2 for carbon fixation. Instead, as is also true in microorganisms, carbonic anhydrase is necessary to supply bicarbonate for biosynthetic processes.","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","year":2021,"id":154709,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":62,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9553,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":655347,"name":"Vishalsingh Chaudhari","orcid":"0000-0002-6421-8602","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":655348,"name":"Kristen N. Edgeworth","orcid":"0000-0002-4232-7330","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":656150,"name":"Thomas G. Owens","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":286274,"name":"Maureen R. Hanson","orcid":"0000-0001-8141-3058","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":655346,"name":"Kevin M. Hines","orcid":"0000-0001-6408-5689","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":57,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:43:54.469024Z","pmid":"34380739","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}