{"doi":"10.1073/pnas.2000047117","title":"Microbial tryptophan metabolites regulate gut barrier function via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor","abstract":"<jats:title>Significance</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The gut microbiome comprises trillions of microorganisms that inhabit the mammalian intestines. These microbes regulate many aspects of host physiology, including defense mechanisms against factors that contribute to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Despite the abundance of the gut microbiota, little is known regarding how these microbes modulate these host processes, including the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium, which controls intestinal permeability associated with IBDs. Here, we discover that three gut microbially produced, small-molecule metabolites, which derive from dietary tryptophan, improve intestinal barrier integrity and protect against inflammation caused by IBDs. Our studies identify a host receptor and downstream targets of the metabolites, which could serve as potential pathways for prophylactic and therapeutic treatments for ameliorating morbidity in IBDs.</jats:p>","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","year":2020,"id":16925,"datarank":0.9692202264530577,"base_score":6.461468176353717,"endowment":6.461468176353717,"self_citation_contribution":0.9692202264530577,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.9692202264530577,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":639,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":2,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9521,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":123029,"name":"Jingjing Fu","orcid":"0000-0001-6502-321X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":123030,"name":"Pamela V. Chang","orcid":"0000-0003-3819-9994","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":123028,"name":"Samantha A. Scott","orcid":"0000-0002-3752-9368","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":57,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-02T14:51:07.332908Z","pmid":"32719140","pmcid":"PMC7431026","fwci":19.7684,"citation_percentile":0.99716883,"influential_citations":20,"oa_status":"bronze","license":"https://www.pnas.org/site/aboutpnas/licenses.xhtml","views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.19408079.v1","title":"Additional file 1 of Gut microbiome and plasma metabolome changes in rats after oral gavage of nanoparticles: sensitive indicators of possible adverse health 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Science","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Animals","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Caco-2 Cells","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Colitis, Ulcerative","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Cytoskeletal Proteins","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Disease Models, Animal","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Gastrointestinal Microbiome","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Humans","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Inflammation","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Intestinal Mucosa","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Mice","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Mice, Knockout","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Permeability","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Tryptophan","extra":null},{"topic_type":"field_of_study","value":"Ezrin","extra":null},{"topic_type":"mesh_term","value":"Gastrointestinal Microbiome","extra":null},{"topic_type":"mesh_term","value":"Ezrin","extra":null},{"topic_type":"mesh_term","value":"Animals","extra":null},{"topic_type":"mesh_term","value":"Colitis, Ulcerative","extra":null},{"topic_type":"mesh_term","value":"Cytoskeletal Proteins","extra":null},{"topic_type":"mesh_term","value":"Disease Models, Animal","extra":null},{"topic_type":"mesh_term","value":"Humans","extra":null},{"topic_type":"mesh_term","value":"Inflammation","extra":null},{"topic_type":"mesh_term","value":"Intestinal 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flora","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Biology","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Tryptophan","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Receptor","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Inflammation","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Inflammatory Bowel Diseases","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Intestinal permeability","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Intestinal epithelium","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Microbiology","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Cell biology","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Immunology","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Biochemistry","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Bioinformatics","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Inflammatory bowel disease","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Medicine","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Epithelium","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Amino acid","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Disease","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Gene","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Genetics","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Transcription factor","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Colitis","extra":null},{"topic_type":"keyword","value":"Gut Microbiome","extra":null},{"topic_type":"sdg","value":"Good health and well-being","extra":"0"}]}