{"doi":"10.1073/pnas.1609999113","title":"Rapid conversion of an oceanic spreading center to a subduction zone inferred from high-precision geochronology","abstract":"<jats:title>Significance</jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Subduction, the process by which tectonic plates sink into the mantle, is a fundamental tectonic process on Earth, yet the question of where and how new subduction zones form remains a matter of debate. In this study, we find that a divergent plate boundary, where two plates move apart, was forcefully and rapidly turned into a convergent boundary where one plate eventually began subducting. This finding is surprising because, although the plate material at a divergent boundary is weak, it is also buoyant and resists subduction. This study suggests that buoyant, but weak, plate material at a divergent boundary can be forced to converge until eventually older and denser plate material enters the nascent subduction zone, which then becomes self-sustaining.</jats:p>","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","year":2016,"id":29570,"datarank":2.4689400346011148,"base_score":4.48863636973214,"endowment":4.48863636973214,"self_citation_contribution":0.6732954554598211,"citation_network_contribution":1.7956445791412938,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6732954554598211,"citer_contribution":1.7956445791412938,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":88,"citer_count":88,"citers_with_citation_signal":73,"citers_with_endowment":73,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":162742,"name":"John Encarnación","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":162743,"name":"Robert Buchwaldt","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":162744,"name":"Dan Fernandez","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":162745,"name":"James Mattinson","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":162746,"name":"Christine Rasoazanamparany","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":162747,"name":"P. Benjamin Luetkemeyer","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":162741,"name":"Timothy E. Keenan","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":4.48863636973214,"endowment":4.48863636973214,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"27821756","pmcid":"PMC5127376","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2551125798","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Geological Society of America","grant_id":"Student grant","title":null},{"funder_name":"Saint Louis University","grant_id":"Beaumont Faculty Development Fund","title":null}],"total_grants":2,"fwci":3.4548,"citation_percentile":0.91202873,"influential_citations":8,"citation_trend":[{"year":2017,"count":4},{"year":2018,"count":2},{"year":2019,"count":6},{"year":2020,"count":10},{"year":2021,"count":15},{"year":2022,"count":13},{"year":2023,"count":11},{"year":2024,"count":6},{"year":2025,"count":17},{"year":2026,"count":4}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":"http://www.pnas.org/site/misc/userlicense.xhtml","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/113/47/E7359.full.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/113/47/E7359.full.pdf","host_type":"BRONZE"},{"url":"https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/113/47/E7359.full.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"http://www.pnas.org/syndication/doi/10.1073/pnas.1609999113","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.1609999113","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1609999113","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27821756","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5127376","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://zenodo.org/record/894866","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["High-pressure geophysics and materials","Geological and Geochemical Analysis","earthquake and tectonic studies","Geology","Medicine"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Subduction","Plate tectonics","Geology","Convergent boundary","Mantle (geology)","Oceanic crust","Tectonics","Hotspot (geology)","Geochronology","Seismology","Eclogitization","Geophysics","Paleontology","Ophiolite","Philippines","Subduction Initiation"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Life below water"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-09T00:12:28.105057Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}