{"doi":"10.1073/pnas.0402625101","title":"The dynamic processivity of the T4 DNA polymerase during replication","abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The polymerase (gp43) processivity during T4 replisome mediated DNA replication has been investigated. The size of the Okazaki fragments remains constant over a wide range of polymerase concentrations. A dissociation rate constant of ≈0.0013 sec\n            <jats:sup>-1</jats:sup>\n            was measured for the polymerases from both strands, consistent with highly processive replication on both the leading and lagging strands. This processive replication, however, can be disrupted by a catalytically inactive mutant D408N gp43 that retains normal affinity for DNA and the clamp. The inhibition kinetics fit well to an active exchange model in which the mutant polymerase (the polymerase trap) displaces the replicating polymerase. This kinetic model was further strengthened by the observation that the sizes of both the Okazaki fragments and the extension products on a primed M13mp18 template were reduced in the presence of the mutant polymerase. The effects of the trap polymerase therefore suggest a dynamic processivity of the polymerase during replication, namely, a solution/replisome polymerase exchange takes place without affecting continued DNA synthesis. This process mimics the polymerase switching recently suggested during the translesion DNA synthesis, implies the multiple functions of the clamp in replication, and may play a potential role in overcoming the replication barriers by the T4 replisome.\n          </jats:p>","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","year":2004,"id":30799,"datarank":5.376206045470898,"base_score":4.875197323201151,"endowment":4.875197323201151,"self_citation_contribution":0.7312795984801728,"citation_network_contribution":4.644926446990725,"self_endowment_contribution":0.7312795984801728,"citer_contribution":4.644926446990725,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":130,"citer_count":110,"citers_with_citation_signal":91,"citers_with_endowment":91,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":145900,"name":"Zhihao Zhuang","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":166548,"name":"Rosa Maria Roccasecca","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":166549,"name":"Michael A. Trakselis","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":166550,"name":"Stephen J. Benkovic","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":166547,"name":"Jingsong Yang","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":4.875197323201151,"endowment":4.875197323201151,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"15148377","pmcid":"PMC420387","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W1602966727","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 GM013306","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"GM13306","title":null}],"total_grants":2,"fwci":1.8078,"citation_percentile":0.83388522,"influential_citations":9,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":7},{"year":2013,"count":11},{"year":2014,"count":11},{"year":2015,"count":8},{"year":2016,"count":5},{"year":2017,"count":4},{"year":2018,"count":6},{"year":2019,"count":6},{"year":2020,"count":3},{"year":2021,"count":3},{"year":2022,"count":2},{"year":2023,"count":1},{"year":2024,"count":3},{"year":2025,"count":4}],"oa_status":"green","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/420387","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc420387?pdf=render","host_type":"GREEN"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/420387","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.0402625101","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0402625101","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15148377","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["DNA Repair Mechanisms","DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry","Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology","Biology","Medicine","Chemistry","Bacteriophage T4","DNA","DNA Replication","DNA, Circular","DNA, Viral","DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase","Macromolecular Substances","Models, Molecular","Templates, Genetic","Viral Proteins","Virus Replication"],"mesh_terms":["DNA","DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase","DNA Replication","DNA, Circular","DNA, Viral","Models, Molecular","Templates, Genetic","Viral Proteins","Virus Replication","Bacteriophage T4","Macromolecular Substances"],"keywords":["Processivity","Replisome","Okazaki fragments","DNA polymerase","DNA polymerase II","DNA clamp","Polymerase","DNA polymerase delta","DNA replication","DNA polymerase I","Biology","Prokaryotic DNA replication","Molecular biology","Cell biology","Eukaryotic DNA replication","DNA","Biochemistry","Reverse transcriptase","Polymerase chain reaction"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-09T04:41:45.175838Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}