{"doi":"10.1063/5.0141787","title":"Axisymmetrical resonance modes in an electrowetting optical lens","abstract":"Electrowetting-based adaptive optics are of great interest for applications ranging from confocal microscopy to LIDAR, but the impact of low-frequency mechanical vibration on these devices remains to be studied. We present a simple theoretical model for predicting the resonance modes induced on the liquid interface in conjunction with a numerical simulation. We experimentally confirm the resonance frequencies by contact angle modulation. They are found to be in excellent agreement with the roots of the zero-order Bessel functions of the first kind. Next, we experimentally verify that external axial vibration of an electrowetting lens filled with density mismatched liquids (Δρ = 250 kg/m3) will exhibit observable Bessel modes on the liquid–liquid interface. An electrowetting lens filled with density matched liquids (Δρ = 4 kg/m3) is robust to external axial vibration and is shown to be useful in mitigating the effect of vibrations in an optical system.","journal":"Applied Physics Letters","year":2023,"id":359383,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":10,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.956,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":439247,"name":"Wei Yang Lim","orcid":"0000-0002-6954-3199","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":829577,"name":"Omkar D. Supekar","orcid":"0000-0003-1777-8508","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":439246,"name":"M. Zohrabi","orcid":"0000-0003-2158-5661","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":439249,"name":"Juliet T. Gopinath","orcid":"0000-0003-2387-5371","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":439248,"name":"Victor M. Bright","orcid":"0000-0001-5498-3071","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1109990,"name":"Eduardo J. Miscles","orcid":"0000-0002-1990-5032","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":40,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:13:52.889556Z","pmid":"37214761","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}