{"doi":"10.1053/cp.1999.v66.100072001","title":"Low frequency of defective alleles of cytochrome P450 enzymes 2C19 and 2D6 in the Turkish population","abstract":null,"journal":"Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics","year":1999,"id":633958,"datarank":0.7525919755222388,"base_score":5.017279836814924,"endowment":5.017279836814924,"self_citation_contribution":0.7525919755222388,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.7525919755222388,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":150,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1643926,"name":"C SACHSE","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1643927,"name":"A BOZKURT","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1643928,"name":"S KORTUNAY","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1643929,"name":"M NACAK","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1643930,"name":"T SCHRODER","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1643931,"name":"S KAYAALP","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1643932,"name":"I ROOTS","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1643933,"name":"J BROCKMOLLER","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1643925,"name":"A AYNACIOGLU","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Low frequency of defective alleles of cytochrome P450 enzymes 2C19 and 2D6 in the Turkish population","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The genetically polymorphic cytochrome P450 enzymes 2Cl9 (CYP2Cl9) and 2D6 (CYP2D6) contribute to the metabolism of about 30% of all drugs. For analysis of the ethnic-related differences in drug disposition and as a preparation for routine genotyping, we examined CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 mutations in a large Turkish population. METHODS: CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 alleles were determined with use of genomic deoxyribonucleic acid from 404 unrelated Turkish individuals. CYP2C19 alleles *1 to *5 and CYP2D6 alleles *1 to *12, and *14, *15, and *17 were measured by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assays. RESULTS: From 404 subjects genotyped for CYP2C19, allele frequencies of CYP2C19*1 (wt), CYP2C19*2 (ml), and CYP2C19*3 (m2) were 0.88, 0.12, and 0.004, respectively; mutations m3 and m4 were not found. Four individuals (1.0%) were predicted to be poor metabolizers (CYP2C19*2/*2), a significantly lower frequency compared to Middle European populations. Among 404 subjects genotyped for CYP2D6, most frequent alleles were CYP2D6*1 (allele frequency 0.37), *2 (0.35), *4 (0.11), *10 (0.06), duplications *1x2, *2x2, or *4x2 (0.06), *5 (0.01), and *17(0.01). Overall, six subjects (1.49%) were predicted to be CYP2D6 poor metabolizers, and 35 subjects (8.66%) were predicted to be ultrarapid metabolizers as a result of CYP2D6 gene duplications. CONCLUSION: Obviously, within Europe there is a north-south gradient, with decreasing frequency of poor metabolizers of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 to the south and a corresponding increase of ultrarapid metabolizers of CYP2D6. As in other white groups, only CYP2C19*2 plays a relevant role for the CYP2C19 poor metabolizer phenotype. The mutational spectrum of CYP2D6 indicated partial ethnic relationships to Asian and African populations.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":5.017279836814924,"endowment":5.017279836814924,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"10460072","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2077824949","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":7.0346,"citation_percentile":0.97312704,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":5},{"year":2013,"count":9},{"year":2014,"count":4},{"year":2015,"count":4},{"year":2016,"count":8},{"year":2017,"count":6},{"year":2018,"count":5},{"year":2019,"count":5},{"year":2020,"count":4},{"year":2021,"count":7},{"year":2022,"count":6},{"year":2023,"count":7},{"year":2024,"count":2},{"year":2025,"count":4}],"oa_status":"closed","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1053/cp.1999.v66.100072001","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10460072","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology","Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms","Adult","Alleles","Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases","Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19","Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6","Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System","Europe","Female","Genotype","Humans","Incidence","Male","Mixed Function Oxygenases","Mutation","Polymerase Chain Reaction","Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length","Turkey","White People"],"mesh_terms":["Adult","Alleles","Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases","Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System","Europe","Female","Genotype","Humans","Mixed Function Oxygenases","Male","Mutation","Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length","Turkey","Incidence","Polymerase Chain Reaction","Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6","White People","Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19"],"keywords":["CYP2C19","CYP2D6","Turkish population","Genotyping","Allele","Allele frequency","Genetics","Biology","Population","Cytochrome P450","Polymorphism (computer science)","Genotype","Molecular biology","Gene","Enzyme","Medicine","Biochemistry"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"No poverty"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-06T12:55:55.772470Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}