{"doi":"10.1042/bsr20212355","title":"Decoding microRNA drivers in atherosclerosis","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An estimated 97% of the human genome consists of non-protein-coding sequences. As our understanding of genome regulation improves, this has led to the characterization of a diverse array of non-coding RNAs (ncRNA). Among these, micro-RNAs (miRNAs) belong to the short ncRNA class (22–25 nucleotides in length), with approximately 2500 miRNA genes encoded within the human genome. From a therapeutic perspective, there is interest in exploiting miRNA as biomarkers of disease progression and response to treatments, as well as miRNA mimics/repressors as novel medicines. miRNA have emerged as an important class of RNA master regulators with important roles identified in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis is characterized by a chronic inflammatory build-up, driven largely by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol accumulation within the artery wall and vascular injury, including endothelial dysfunction, leukocyte recruitment and vascular remodelling. Conventional therapy focuses on lifestyle interventions, blood pressure-lowering medications, high-intensity statin therapy and antiplatelet agents. However, a significant proportion of patients remain at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This continued cardiovascular risk is referred to as residual risk. Hence, a new drug class targeting atherosclerosis could synergise with existing therapies to optimise outcomes. Here, we review our current understanding of the role of ncRNA, with a focus on miRNA, in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, highlighting novel biological mechanisms and therapeutic avenues.</jats:p>","journal":"Bioscience Reports","year":2022,"id":635373,"datarank":0.5050943744979712,"base_score":3.367295829986474,"endowment":3.367295829986474,"self_citation_contribution":0.5050943744979712,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5050943744979712,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":28,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1057228,"name":"Soundharya Kumaresan","orcid":"0000-0001-5946-1678","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":251815,"name":"Eoin Brennan","orcid":"0000-0003-4908-5474","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":468728,"name":"Tanwi Vartak","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Decoding microRNA drivers in atherosclerosis","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An estimated 97% of the human genome consists of non-protein-coding sequences. As our understanding of genome regulation improves, this has led to the characterization of a diverse array of non-coding RNAs (ncRNA). Among these, micro-RNAs (miRNAs) belong to the short ncRNA class (22–25 nucleotides in length), with approximately 2500 miRNA genes encoded within the human genome. From a therapeutic perspective, there is interest in exploiting miRNA as biomarkers of disease progression and response to treatments, as well as miRNA mimics/repressors as novel medicines. miRNA have emerged as an important class of RNA master regulators with important roles identified in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis is characterized by a chronic inflammatory build-up, driven largely by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol accumulation within the artery wall and vascular injury, including endothelial dysfunction, leukocyte recruitment and vascular remodelling. Conventional therapy focuses on lifestyle interventions, blood pressure-lowering medications, high-intensity statin therapy and antiplatelet agents. However, a significant proportion of patients remain at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This continued cardiovascular risk is referred to as residual risk. Hence, a new drug class targeting atherosclerosis could synergise with existing therapies to optimise outcomes. Here, we review our current understanding of the role of ncRNA, with a focus on miRNA, in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, highlighting novel biological mechanisms and therapeutic avenues.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":3.367295829986474,"endowment":3.367295829986474,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"35758143","pmcid":"PMC9289798","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4283575908","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":2.1858,"citation_percentile":0.89627729,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2023,"count":10},{"year":2024,"count":9},{"year":2025,"count":7},{"year":2026,"count":2}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://portlandpress.com/bioscirep/article-pdf/42/7/BSR20212355/935077/bsr-2021-2355c.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://portlandpress.com/bioscirep/article-pdf/42/7/BSR20212355/935077/bsr-2021-2355c.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://portlandpress.com/bioscirep/article-pdf/doi/10.1042/BSR20212355/935077/bsr-2021-2355c.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1042/bsr20212355","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35758143","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9289798","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC9289798","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC9289798?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"}],"fields_of_study":["MicroRNA in disease regulation","Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research","RNA modifications and cancer","Atherosclerosis","Biomarkers","Cardiovascular Diseases","Humans","MicroRNAs","RNA, Untranslated"],"mesh_terms":["Cardiovascular Diseases","Humans","Biomarkers","RNA, Untranslated","MicroRNAs","Atherosclerosis"],"keywords":["microRNA","Non-coding RNA","Bioinformatics","Disease","Pathogenesis","Biology","Coronary artery disease","Gene","Computational biology","Medicine","Genetics","Immunology","Internal medicine","Atherosclerosis","Vascular smooth muscle","Endothelial Cells"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[{"name":"nct"}],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-06T14:59:41.900797Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}