{"doi":"10.1038/srep32537","title":"Modulation of plant defense responses to herbivores by simultaneous recognition of different herbivore-associated elicitors in rice","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Induced plant defense responses against insect herbivores are triggered by wounding and/or perception of herbivore elicitors from their oral secretions (OS) and/or saliva. In this study, we analyzed OS isolated from two rice chewing herbivores, <jats:italic>Mythimna loreyi</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Parnara guttata</jats:italic>. Both types of crude OS had substantial elicitor activity in rice cell system that allowed rapid detection of early and late defense responses, i.e. accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and defense secondary metabolites, respectively. While the OS from <jats:italic>M. loreyi</jats:italic> contained large amounts of previously reported insect elicitors, fatty acid-amino acid conjugates (FACs), the elicitor-active <jats:italic>P. guttata</jats:italic>’s OS contained no detectable FACs. Subsequently, elicitor activity associated with the high molecular mass fraction in OS of both herbivores was identified and shown to promote ROS and metabolite accumulations in rice cells. Notably, the application of <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>-linolenoyl-Gln (FAC) alone had only negligible elicitor activity in rice cells; however, the activity of isolated elicitor fraction was substantially promoted by this FAC. Our results reveal that plants integrate various independent signals associated with their insect attackers to modulate their defense responses and reach maximal fitness in nature.</jats:p>","journal":"Scientific Reports","year":2016,"id":35789,"datarank":2.018219969417431,"base_score":4.2626798770413155,"endowment":4.2626798770413155,"self_citation_contribution":0.6394019815561974,"citation_network_contribution":1.3788179878612334,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6394019815561974,"citer_contribution":1.3788179878612334,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":70,"citer_count":55,"citers_with_citation_signal":46,"citers_with_endowment":46,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":182603,"name":"Yuko Hojo","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":182604,"name":"Yoshitake Desaki","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":182605,"name":"John T. Christeller","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":182606,"name":"Kazunori Okada","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":182607,"name":"Naoto Shibuya","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":158962,"name":"Ivan Galis","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":182602,"name":"Tomonori Shinya","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":4.2626798770413155,"endowment":4.2626798770413155,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"27581373","pmcid":"PMC5007475","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2511312452","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":7.5412,"citation_percentile":0.96785439,"influential_citations":1,"citation_trend":[{"year":2017,"count":2},{"year":2018,"count":10},{"year":2019,"count":7},{"year":2020,"count":15},{"year":2021,"count":11},{"year":2022,"count":6},{"year":2023,"count":6},{"year":2024,"count":9},{"year":2025,"count":3},{"year":2026,"count":1}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep32537.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep32537.pdf","host_type":"GOLD"},{"url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep32537.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep32537","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep32537","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5007475","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5007475","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5007475?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"}],"fields_of_study":["Insect-Plant Interactions and Control","Insect Pest Control Strategies","Plant Parasitism and Resistance","Biology","Medicine","Environmental Science","Amino Acids","Animals","Fatty Acids","Herbivory","Lepidoptera","Oryza","Plant Immunity","Plant Leaves","Reactive Oxygen Species","Saliva","Secondary Metabolism"],"mesh_terms":["Saliva","Animals","Lepidoptera","Plant Leaves","Reactive Oxygen Species","Fatty Acids","Amino Acids","Plant Immunity","Herbivory","Secondary Metabolism","Oryza"],"keywords":["Elicitor","Herbivore","Plant defense against herbivory","Biology","Secondary metabolite","Insect","Metabolite","Botany","Biochemistry","Enzyme","Gene"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Life in Land"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-10T09:17:05.676642Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}