{"doi":"10.1038/s44161-025-00640-2","title":"Preclinical mouse models of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis","abstract":null,"journal":"Nature Cardiovascular Research","year":2025,"id":654346,"datarank":0.3596842909197557,"base_score":2.3978952727983707,"endowment":2.3978952727983707,"self_citation_contribution":0.3596842909197557,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.3596842909197557,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":10,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":28327,"name":"Douglas B. Johnson","orcid":"0000-0002-6390-773X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":232185,"name":"Javid J. Moslehi","orcid":"0000-0001-5443-4312","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":236816,"name":"Justin M. Balko","orcid":"0000-0002-4263-5974","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":374973,"name":"Reilly G. Fankhauser","orcid":"0000-0001-6318-4255","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Preclinical mouse models of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis.","abstract":"In this Review, we present a comprehensive analysis of preclinical models used to study immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis (hereafter ICI-myocarditis), a potentially lethal immune-related adverse event. We begin by providing an overview of immune checkpoint inhibitors, highlighting how their efficacy in cancer treatment is counterbalanced by their predisposition to cause immune-related adverse events. Next, we draw from human data to identify disease features that an effective mouse model should ideally mimic. After that, we present a critical evaluation of a wide variety of existing mouse models including genetic, pharmacological and humanized models. We summarize insights gathered about the underlying mechanisms of ICI-myocarditis and the role of mouse models in these discoveries. We conclude with a perspective on the future of preclinical models, highlighting potential model improvements and research directions that could strengthen our understanding of ICI-myocarditis, ultimately improving patient outcomes.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"40335724","pmcid":"PMC12874264","openalex_id":null,"authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"American Heart Association (American Heart Association, Inc.)","grant_id":"25PRE1375723","title":null},{"funder_name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","grant_id":"NIH R01 HL160688","title":null},{"funder_name":"NHLBI NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 HL160688","title":null},{"funder_name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)","grant_id":"5R01HL141466-05","title":"Novel mechanisms and predictors of VEGF receptor inhibitor-associated hypertension"},{"funder_name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","grant_id":"5R01HL156021-04","title":"Immunologic and Antigenic Drivers of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Myocarditis"},{"funder_name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI)","grant_id":"5P30CA068485-29","title":null},{"funder_name":"NCI NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 CA227481","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"T32 GM007347","title":null},{"funder_name":"NHLBI NIH HHS","grant_id":"P01 HL141084","title":null},{"funder_name":"NHLBI NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 HL156021","title":null},{"funder_name":"NHLBI NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 HL155990","title":null},{"funder_name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI)","grant_id":"5R01CA227481-05","title":"(PQ8) Patient- and tumor-specific biomarkers and mechanisms that predict irAEs resulting from checkpoint inhibition"},{"funder_name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","grant_id":"5R01HL155990-04","title":"Long-Term Cardiovascular Sequelae of Cancer Immunotherapies"},{"funder_name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)","grant_id":"NIH P01 HL141084","title":null},{"funder_name":"NHLBI NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 HL141466","title":null},{"funder_name":"NCI NIH HHS","grant_id":"P30 CA068485","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"5P01HL141084-04","title":"Elucidating Electro-Mechanical Dysfunction in Heart Failure with Human Stem Cell Models"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"3P30CA068485-23S2","title":"Cancer Center Support Grant"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"5T32GM007347-08","title":"MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAM"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"5R01HL160688-02","title":"[18F]F-AraG as an imaging biomarker for early diagnosis and monitoring of cardiotoxicity related to doxorubicin and immune check point inhibitor therapy"}],"total_grants":20,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[],"oa_status":"green","license":"Springer Nature TDM","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12874264/","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44161-025-00640-2","host_type":""},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40335724","host_type":""},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40335724/","host_type":""},{"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1kv2w9t1","host_type":""},{"url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt1kv2w9t1/qt1kv2w9t1.pdf","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["03 medical and health sciences","0302 clinical medicine"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Humans","Mice","Myocarditis","Disease Models, Animal","Risk Factors","Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors"],"keywords":["Biomedical and Clinical Sciences","Animal","Oncology and Carcinogenesis","Immunology","Cardiovascular","Article","Myocarditis","Disease Models, Animal","Mice","5.1 Pharmaceuticals","Risk Factors","Disease Models","Animals","Humans","Immunotherapy","Immune Checkpoint 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