{"doi":"10.1038/s43856-024-00565-0","title":"Mediterranean diet and associations with the gut microbiota and pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis using trivariate analysis","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The interplay between diet and the gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis (MS) is poorly understood. We aimed to assess the interrelationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and MS. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study including 95 participants (44 pediatric-onset MS cases, 51 unaffected controls) enrolled from the Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network study. All had completed a food frequency questionnaire ≤21-years of age, and 59 also provided a stool sample. RESULTS: Here we show that a 1-point increase in a Mediterranean diet score is associated with 37% reduced MS odds (95%CI: 10%-53%). Higher fiber and iron intakes are also associated with reduced MS odds. Diet, not MS, explains inter-individual gut microbiota variation. Several gut microbes abundances are associated with both the Mediterranean diet score and having MS, and these microbes are potential mediators of the protective associations of a healthier diet. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the potential interaction between diet and the gut microbiota is relevant in MS.","journal":"Communications Medicine","year":2024,"id":431707,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":16,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7168,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":588862,"name":"Feng Zhu","orcid":"0000-0002-8468-183X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":858882,"name":"Natalie Knox","orcid":"0000-0001-6133-7799","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":734909,"name":"Lucinda J. Black","orcid":"0000-0003-4727-4773","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":734910,"name":"Alison Daly","orcid":"0000-0002-4919-5932","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":679595,"name":"Christine Bonner","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":917181,"name":"Gary Van Domselaar","orcid":"0000-0003-1139-4458","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":5127,"name":"Çharles N. Bernstein","orcid":"0000-0001-8041-3574","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":5094,"name":"Ruth Ann Marrie","orcid":"0000-0002-1855-5595","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":696088,"name":"Janace Hart","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":250733,"name":"E. Ann Yeh","orcid":"0000-0002-5393-7417","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":277151,"name":"Amit Bar‐Or","orcid":"0000-0001-7179-0335","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":757426,"name":"Julia O’Mahony","orcid":"0000-0001-8338-1133","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":917182,"name":"Yinshan Zhao","orcid":"0000-0001-5433-4637","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":867298,"name":"William Hsiao","orcid":"0000-0002-1342-4043","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":314592,"name":"Brenda Banwell","orcid":"0000-0001-6354-6770","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241644,"name":"Emmanuelle Waubant","orcid":"0000-0001-5188-0157","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":418591,"name":"Helen Tremlett","orcid":"0000-0001-5804-2535","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":917180,"name":"Ali Mirza","orcid":"0000-0002-9705-4624","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":65,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:59:30.747263Z","pmid":"39030379","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}