{"doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-84583-x","title":"Association between herpes simplex virus infection and Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers: analysis within the MAPT trial","abstract":"In vitro and animal studies have suggested that inoculation with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) can lead to amyloid deposits, hyperphosphorylation of tau, and/or neuronal loss. Here, we studied the association between HSV-1 and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in humans. Our sample included 182 participants at risk of cognitive decline from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial who had HSV-1 plasma serology and an amyloid PET scan. Plasma Aβ42/40 ratio, neurofilament light chain and p-tau181 were also available for a sub-sample of participants. Multivariate linear regressions were performed and stratified by APOE4 genotype. The median age was 74.0 years, 85.2% were infected with HSV-1. Infected participants tended to have a lower cortical amyloid load than uninfected participants (β = -0.08, p = 0.06), especially those suspected of reactivating HSV-1 most frequently (i.e. with a high anti-HSV-1 IgG level; n = 58, β = -0.09 p = 0.04). After stratification, the association was only significant in APOE4 carriers (n = 43, β = -0.21 p = 0.01). No association was found with the plasma biomarkers. The trend toward lower cortical amyloid load in HSV-1-infected participants was unexpected given the pre-existing literature and may be explained either by a modified immune response in HSV-1 infected subjects which could favour the clearance of amyloid deposits or by a selection bias.","journal":"Scientific Reports","year":2025,"id":516348,"datarank":0.3453877639491069,"base_score":2.302585092994046,"endowment":2.302585092994046,"self_citation_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.3453877639491069,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8621,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1382167,"name":"Isabelle Garrigue","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":252032,"name":"Bruno Vellas","orcid":"0000-0002-7678-5065","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":918597,"name":"Nicola Coley","orcid":"0000-0002-1671-824X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":27601,"name":"Henrik Zetterberg","orcid":"0000-0003-3930-4354","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":27600,"name":"Kaj Blennow","orcid":"0000-0002-1890-4193","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241104,"name":"Nicholas J. Ashton","orcid":"0000-0002-3579-8804","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":918591,"name":"Pierre Payoux","orcid":"0000-0002-1374-1620","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1381694,"name":"Anne‐Sophie Salabert","orcid":"0000-0002-4053-7158","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":514982,"name":"Jean‐François Dartigues","orcid":"0000-0001-9482-5529","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1382168,"name":"Joachim Mazère","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":229474,"name":"Sandrine Andrieu","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":305418,"name":"Catherine Helmer","orcid":"0000-0002-5169-7421","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1381693,"name":"Morgane Linard","orcid":"0000-0002-5179-4678","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":59,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:48:49.486328Z","pmid":"39825066","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}