{"doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-68467-8","title":"Passively sensing smartphone use in teens with rates of use by sex and across operating systems","abstract":"= 14; n = 1415) self-reported their typical smartphone use and passively recorded three weeks of smartphone use via the ABCD-specific Effortless Assessment Research System (EARS) application. Here we describe and validate passively-sensed smartphone keyboard and app use measures, provide code to harmonize measures across operating systems, and describe trends in adolescent smartphone use. Keyboard and app-use measures were reliable and positively correlated with one another (r = 0.33) and with self-reported use (rs = 0.21-0.35). Participants recorded a mean of 5 h of daily smartphone use, which is two more hours than they self-reported. Further, females logged more smartphone use than males. Smartphone use was recorded at all hours, peaking on average from 8 to 10 PM and lowest from 3 to 5 AM. Social media and texting apps comprised nearly half of all use. Data are openly available to approved investigators ( https://nda.nih.gov/abcd/ ). Information herein can inform use of the ABCD dataset to longitudinally study health and neurodevelopmental correlates of adolescent smartphone use.","journal":"Scientific Reports","year":2024,"id":424726,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":21,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.875,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1221703,"name":"Janosch Linkersdörfer","orcid":"0000-0002-1577-1233","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1221704,"name":"Katherine Toda-Thorne","orcid":"0009-0009-6225-6822","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":391029,"name":"Ryan M. Sullivan","orcid":"0000-0001-9180-4909","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":379301,"name":"Kevin Cummins","orcid":"0000-0003-1982-7836","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":268688,"name":"Rachel L. Tomko","orcid":"0000-0002-6961-4399","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":393230,"name":"Nicholas B. Allen","orcid":"0000-0002-1086-6639","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":631928,"name":"Kara Bagot","orcid":"0000-0003-4688-4617","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240033,"name":"Fiona C. Baker","orcid":"0000-0001-9602-6165","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270425,"name":"Bernard F. Fuemmeler","orcid":"0000-0002-3550-0107","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":310542,"name":"Elizabeth A. Hoffman","orcid":"0000-0002-4346-7861","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":812482,"name":"Orsolya Kiss","orcid":"0000-0003-2643-773X","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":636903,"name":"Michael J. Mason","orcid":"0000-0002-3165-1450","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1221705,"name":"Tam T. Nguyen‐Louie","orcid":"0000-0003-4475-8326","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":341671,"name":"Susan F. Tapert","orcid":"0000-0001-7259-6112","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1222338,"name":"Calen J. Smith","orcid":null,"position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":268689,"name":"Lindsay M. Squeglia","orcid":"0000-0001-5994-6894","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":391027,"name":"Natasha E. Wade","orcid":"0000-0002-9629-2305","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":947417,"name":"Jordan D. Alexander","orcid":"0000-0003-4579-2278","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":42,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:58:21.523756Z","pmid":"39097657","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}