{"doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-51665-9","title":"Longitudinal analysis of influenza vaccination implicates regulation of RIG-I signaling by DNA methylation","abstract":"Influenza virus infection alters the promoter DNA methylation of key immune response-related genes, including type-1 interferons and proinflammatory cytokines. However, less is known about the effect of the influenza vaccine on the epigenome. We utilized a targeted DNA methylation approach to study the longitudinal effects (day 0 pre-vaccination and day 28 post-vaccination) on influenza vaccination responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We found that baseline, pre-vaccination methylation profiles are associated with pre-existing, protective serological immunity. Additionally, we identified 481 sites that were differentially methylated between baseline and day 28 post-vaccination. These were enriched for genes involved in the regulation of the RIG-I signaling pathway, an important regulator of viral responses. Our results suggest that DNA methylation changes to components of the RIG-I pathway are associated with vaccine effectiveness. Therefore, immunization strategies that target this pathway may improve serological responses to influenza vaccination.","journal":"Scientific Reports","year":2024,"id":431868,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":15,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9589,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":705068,"name":"Harry Pickering","orcid":"0000-0003-2348-5410","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":315961,"name":"Liudmilla Rubbi","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":245069,"name":"Ted M. Ross","orcid":"0000-0003-1947-7469","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":325150,"name":"Elaine F. Reed","orcid":"0000-0002-3524-545X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":40483,"name":"Matteo Pellegrini","orcid":"0000-0001-9355-9564","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1010806,"name":"Hongxiang Fu","orcid":"0000-0002-9873-8606","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":66,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:59:30.747263Z","pmid":"38228690","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}