{"doi":"10.1038/s41598-021-01473-2","title":"A phase II study of talimogene laherparepvec for patients with inoperable locoregional recurrence of breast cancer","abstract":"Abstract Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) is an immunotherapy that generates local tumor lysis and systemic antitumor immune response. We studied the efficacy of intratumoral administration of T-VEC as monotherapy for inoperable locoregional recurrence of breast cancer. T-VEC was injected intratumorally at 10 6 PFU/mL on day 1 (cycle 1), 10 8 PFU/mL on day 22 (cycle 2), and 10 8 PFU/mL every 2 weeks thereafter (cycles ≥ 3). Nine patients were enrolled, 6 with only locoregional disease and 3 with both locoregional and distant disease. No patient completed the planned 10 cycles or achieved complete or partial response. The median number of cycles administered was 4 (range, 3–8). Seven patients withdrew prematurely because of uncontrolled disease progression, 1 withdrew after cycle 3 because of fatigue, and 1 withdrew after cycle 4 for reasons unrelated to study treatment. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 77 days (95% CI, 63–NA) and 361 days (95% CI, 240–NA). Two patients received 8 cycles with clinically stable disease as the best response. The most common grade 2 or higher adverse event was injection site reaction (n = 7, 78%). Future studies could examine whether combining intratumoral T-VEC with concurrent systemic therapy produces better outcomes.","journal":"Scientific Reports","year":2021,"id":174383,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":23,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9602,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":714597,"name":"Angela Marx","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":318554,"name":"Diane D. Liu","orcid":"0000-0003-3301-0259","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":336040,"name":"Yu Shen","orcid":"0000-0002-3899-7868","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":445740,"name":"Hui Gao","orcid":"0000-0002-5009-9999","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":445741,"name":"James M. Reuben","orcid":"0000-0001-8972-2103","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":381802,"name":"Gary J. Whitman","orcid":"0000-0003-2002-7457","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":13684,"name":"Savitri Krishnamurthy","orcid":"0000-0001-9030-4136","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":476591,"name":"Merrick I. Ross","orcid":"0000-0002-7787-0421","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":230219,"name":"Jennifer K. Litton","orcid":"0000-0001-8390-4985","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":232963,"name":"Bora Lim","orcid":"0000-0002-4182-6058","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":713854,"name":"Nuhad K. Ibrahim","orcid":"0000-0001-8660-243X","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":713855,"name":"Takahiro Kogawa","orcid":"0000-0003-3730-6591","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":14159,"name":"Naoto T. Ueno","orcid":"0000-0002-0166-7275","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":713853,"name":"Megumi Kai","orcid":"0000-0002-2270-8793","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":25,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:47:06.584146Z","pmid":"34782633","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}