{"doi":"10.1038/s41597-024-03743-w","title":"The SLICE-3D dataset: 400,000 skin lesion image crops extracted from 3D TBP for skin cancer detection","abstract":"AI image classification algorithms have shown promising results when applied to skin cancer detection. Most public skin cancer image datasets are comprised of dermoscopic photos and are limited by selection bias, lack of standardization, and lend themselves to development of algorithms that can only be used by skilled clinicians. The SLICE-3D (\"Skin Lesion Image Crops Extracted from 3D TBP\") dataset described here addresses those concerns and contains images of over 400,000 distinct skin lesions from seven dermatologic centers from around the world. De-identified images were systematically extracted from sensitive 3D Total Body Photographs and are comparable in optical resolution to smartphone images. Algorithms trained on lower quality images could improve clinical workflows and detect skin cancers earlier if deployed in primary care or non-clinical settings, where photos are captured by non-expert physicians or patients. Such a tool could prompt individuals to visit a specialized dermatologist. This dataset circumvents many inherent limitations of prior datasets and may be used to build upon previous applications of skin imaging for cancer detection.","journal":"Scientific Data","year":2024,"id":483894,"datarank":1.0465796876465785,"base_score":3.7612001156935624,"endowment":3.7612001156935624,"self_citation_contribution":0.5641800173540344,"citation_network_contribution":0.482399670292544,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5641800173540344,"citer_contribution":0.482399670292544,"corpus_percentile":80.64516129032258,"corpus_rank":2503,"citation_count":42,"citer_count":33,"citers_with_citation_signal":16,"citers_with_endowment":16,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9503,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":87.5,"fair_percentile":99.41913787832468,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1324931,"name":"B D'Alessandro","orcid":"0000-0002-0050-401X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1325376,"name":"Maura C. Gillis","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":620899,"name":"Brigid Betz‐Stablein","orcid":"0000-0003-3876-501X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1324932,"name":"Sara E. Cerminara","orcid":"0000-0001-6488-0834","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1324933,"name":"Rafael Pérez García","orcid":"0000-0001-5070-7483","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1325377,"name":"Marcela Alves Girundi","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1325378,"name":"Elisabeth Victoria Goessinger","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1324934,"name":"Philippe Gottfrois","orcid":"0000-0001-8023-3207","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":620908,"name":"Pascale Guitera","orcid":"0000-0001-9519-110X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":366217,"name":"Allan C. Halpern","orcid":"0000-0001-7320-1901","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":13601,"name":"Valerie Jakrot","orcid":"0000-0002-8578-5964","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":63933,"name":"Harald Kittler","orcid":"0000-0002-0051-8016","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":442325,"name":"Kıvanç Köse","orcid":"0000-0003-3185-2639","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":366931,"name":"Konstantinos Liopyris","orcid":"0000-0001-9566-8238","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240403,"name":"Josep Malvehy","orcid":"0000-0002-6998-914X","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1324935,"name":"Victoria Mar","orcid":"0000-0002-7533-1678","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":604726,"name":"Linda K. Martin","orcid":"0000-0001-9519-7077","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1324936,"name":"Thomas Mathew","orcid":"0000-0001-8925-6464","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1324937,"name":"Lara Valeska Maul","orcid":"0000-0001-9202-0073","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1144379,"name":"Adam Mothershaw","orcid":"0000-0002-0056-8187","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1325379,"name":"Alina Miriam Mueller","orcid":null,"position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":348672,"name":"Christoph Mueller","orcid":"0000-0001-9816-1686","position":22,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":12828,"name":"Alexander A. Navarini","orcid":"0000-0001-7059-632X","position":23,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1325380,"name":"Tarlia Rajeswaran","orcid":null,"position":24,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1325381,"name":"Vin Rajeswaran","orcid":null,"position":25,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1324938,"name":"Anup Saha","orcid":"0000-0003-2268-3642","position":26,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1324939,"name":"Maithili Sashindranath","orcid":"0000-0002-9712-4784","position":27,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1045053,"name":"Laura Serra‐García","orcid":"0000-0002-1231-4651","position":28,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240385,"name":"H. Peter Soyer","orcid":"0000-0002-4770-561X","position":29,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1325382,"name":"Georgios Theocharis","orcid":null,"position":30,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1325383,"name":"Ayesha Vos","orcid":null,"position":31,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":697116,"name":"Jochen Weber","orcid":"0000-0002-2397-4954","position":32,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":620922,"name":"Veronica Rotemberg","orcid":"0000-0003-0639-2677","position":33,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":653424,"name":"Nicholas R. Kurtansky","orcid":"0000-0002-6745-0386","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":67,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:07:33.718973Z","pmid":"39143096","pmcid":"PMC11324883","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":88.8889,"fair_a":75.0,"fair_i":80.0,"fair_r":66.6667,"fair_zscore":2.0998,"fair_rationale":{"fair_score":87.5,"has_llm":true,"taxonomy_version":"fair_taxonomy_v5","dimensions":{"F":{"name":"Findable","score":88.89,"criteria":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"SLICE-3D, comprising all data from the seven institutions, is permanently available at https://doi.org/10.34970/2024-slice-3d59.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper provides a DOI for the dataset, which is a persistent identifier scheme.","anchors":["RDA-F1-01D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a persistent identifier' (priorit","RDA-F1-02D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a globally unique identifier'","FsF-F1-02D — F-UJI/FAIRsFAIR: 'Data is assigned a persistent identifier'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_repository_named","label":"Named repository","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"Both versions are stored on the ISIC Archive.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper names the ISIC Archive as the repository hosting the data.","anchors":["RDA-F4-01M — FAIR Data Maturity Model: metadata is offered so it can be harvested and indexed (","NIH DMS Policy Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — name the repository where data will be archived","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Long-Term Sustainability', 'Reten"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","label":"Data-availability statement","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"Both versions are stored on the ISIC Archive. SLICE-3D, comprising all data from the seven institutions, is permanently available at https://doi.org/10.34970/2024-slice-3d59. Note that SLICE-3D is released under a Creative Commons non-commercial attribution (CC-BY NC) license due to the agreed licensing terms and conditions of the providing institutions. Four of seven institutions provided data under either an attribution license (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, the University of Queensland, and the University of Athens; CC-BY) or no rights reserved (Melanoma Institute Australia; CC-0), which are not limited to non-commercial use. This subset, called SLICE-3D Permissive, is distinctly accessible at https://doi.org/10.34970/2024-slice-3d- permissive 60 in perpetuity and is released under the CC-BY license.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The data-availability statement points to a repository record with a DOI, corresponding to Colavizza category 3.","anchors":["Colavizza, Hrynaszkiewicz, Staden, Whitaker & McGillivray (2020), 'The citation advantage of li","Springer Nature research data policy — Data Availability Statements: standard statement templat","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"More information on each metadata field is listed in Table 1.","grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper provides an itemised inventory of the dataset's fields (Table 1). [downgraded to 'partial' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'partial' (3/4 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-F2-01M — 'Rich metadata is provided to allow discovery' (priority Essential)","FsF-F2-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes descriptive core elements to support data findability'","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_dataset_cited","label":"Dataset formally cited","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"59. Kurtansky, N. et al. SLICE-3D 2024 Challenge Dataset. International Skin Imaging Collaboration https://doi.org/10.34970/2024- slice-3d (2024).","grounded":true,"rationale":"The dataset identifier appears as a reference-list entry in the references section.","anchors":["FORCE11 Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles (2014) — data should be cited as a first-","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes","FsF-F3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes the identifier of the data it describes'"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]},"A":{"name":"Accessible","score":75.0,"criteria":[{"key":"a_data_openly_accessible","label":"Access route free of preconditions","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"SLICE-3D, comprising all data from the seven institutions, is permanently available at https://doi.org/10.34970/2024-slice-3d59.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper provides a direct, unconditional route to the data via a DOI, with no stated precondition such as embargo, registration, or application.","anchors":["RDA-A1.1-01D — 'Data is accessible through a free access protocol'","FsF-A1-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata contains access level and access conditions of the data'","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Free and Easy Access'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"a_access_conditions_stated","label":"Access level labelled","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"SLICE-3D, comprising all data from the seven institutions, is permanently available at https://doi.org/10.34970/2024-slice-3d59.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper describes the data as 'permanently available' but does not use an explicit access-level label from the standard vocabulary. [majority verdict 'partial' (3/4 passes agreed)]","anchors":["FsF-A1-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata contains access level and access conditions of the data'","RDA-A1-01M — metadata contains information to enable the user to get access to the data","COAR Controlled Vocabularies — Access Rights v1.0 (open / embargoed / restricted / metadata-onl"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"Both versions are stored on the ISIC Archive.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper names the ISIC Archive as the repository but does not identify any gatekeeper (institutional or personal) for access to the sensitive human-subject data.","anchors":["NIH Genomic Data Sharing Policy (NOT-OD-14-124) — controlled-access via a Data Access Committee","RDA-A1.2-01D — 'Data is accessible through an access protocol that supports authentication and ","NIH DMS Policy Element 5 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Access, Distribution, or Reuse Considerations (conse"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"a_timeline_retention","label":"Availability timing & retention","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"SLICE-3D, comprising all data from the seven institutions, is permanently available at https://doi.org/10.34970/2024-slice-3d59.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper states that the data are 'permanently available', indicating a persistence commitment.","anchors":["NIH DMS Plan Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Data Preservation, Access, and Associated Timelines","NSTC Desirable Characteristics (2022), Organizational Infrastructure: 'Retention Policy'","RDA-A2-01M — 'Metadata is guaranteed to remain available after data is no longer available'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"I":{"name":"Interoperable","score":80.0,"criteria":[{"key":"i_open_nonproprietary_format","label":"Open file format","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"Each example consists of a.jpg file and associated metadata","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper names JPEG as the file format, which is not on the list of open research formats. [majority verdict 'partial' (3/4 passes agreed)]","anchors":["FsF-R1.3-02D — F-UJI: 'Data is available in a file format recommended by the target research co","RDA-R1.3-02D — data is expressed in a machine-understandable community standard","RDA-I1-01D — data uses a knowledge representation expressed in a standardised format"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"i_community_standard_vocabulary","label":"Community standard / vocabulary","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"The diagnostic labels conform to a consensus taxonomy for skin neoplasms developed in a Delphi process involving dermatologic experts 61.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper states that the diagnostic labels follow a community standard taxonomy. [majority verdict 'yes' (2/4 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.3-01M — 'Metadata complies with a community standard' (priority Essential)","RDA-R1.3-01D — 'Data complies with a community standard'","RDA-I2-01M — '(Meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"i_qualified_references","label":"Identifiers for the resources the data depend on","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"Custom generated code used by all sites for collating the raw data from the ISIC2024 Tile Export Tool, which is described in the Methods section, is available at https://github.com/ISIC-Research/2024-challenge-dataset.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper provides a URL for the code repository, an identifier for a resource other than the dataset. [majority verdict 'yes' (3/4 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-I3-01M — '(meta)data include references to other (meta)data'","RDA-I3-03M — 'metadata includes qualified references to other metadata'","FsF-I3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes links between the data and its related entities'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"R":{"name":"Reusable","score":66.67,"criteria":[{"key":"r_reuse_license","label":"Reuse licence","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"SLICE-3D is released under a Creative Commons non-commercial attribution (CC-BY NC) license","grounded":true,"rationale":"The primary dataset is licensed under CC-BY-NC, which is not an open standard license. [majority verdict 'partial' (3/4 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.1-01M — 'Metadata includes information about the licence under which the data can be reu","RDA-R1.1-02M — 'Metadata refers to a standard reuse licence'","RDA-R1.1-03M — 'Metadata refers to a machine-understandable reuse licence'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"r_provenance_methods","label":"Provenance of the data","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"VECTRA WB360 imaging system.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper names the specific instrument used to capture the data.","anchors":["RDA-R1.2-01M — 'Metadata includes provenance information according to community- specific standa","FsF-R1.2-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes provenance information about data creation or generati","W3C PROV-O (W3C Recommendation, 2013) — the entity/activity/agent model of provenance"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","label":"Documentation / codebook","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"More information on each metadata field is listed in Table 1.","grounded":false,"rationale":"Variable definitions are provided inside the article (Table 1), not in a separate documentation file shipped with the data. [downgraded to 'no' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'no' (2/4 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1-01M — '(Meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attribu","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'","NIH DMS Policy Element 3 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Standards (documentation and metadata to accompany t"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_versioning","label":"Snapshot identified","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"SLICE-3D, comprising all data from the seven institutions, is permanently available at https://doi.org/10.34970/2024-slice-3d59.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The DOI is version-specific, indicating a snapshot of the dataset.","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — the 'Version' property","RDA-R1.2-01M — provenance information (which version was used is provenance)","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Provenance', 'Retention Policy'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_code_availability","label":"Analysis code available","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"Custom generated code used by all sites for collating the raw data from the ISIC2024 Tile Export Tool, which is described in the Methods section, is available at https://github.com/ISIC-Research/2024-challenge-dataset.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper gives a machine-resolvable code repository URL for the study's own code.","anchors":["NIH DMS Policy Element 2 (NOT-OD-21-014) — 'Related Tools, Software and/or Code'","FAIR4RS Principles v1.0 (Chue Hong et al., 2022; RDA/FORCE11/ReSA) — FAIR Principles for Resear","FORCE11 Software Citation Principles (Smith, Katz & Niemeyer, 2016, PeerJ CS 2:e86)"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_funding_attribution","label":"Funder and award number","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"NIH/NCI U24-CA285296, NIH/ NCI U24-CA264369, MSK Cancer Center Support Grant/Core Grant (P30 CA008748), and the European Union through project iToBoS (SC1-BHC-06-2020-965221).","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper provides specific award numbers attached to named funders. [majority verdict 'yes' (3/4 passes agreed)]","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — 'FundingReference' property (funderName, funderIdentifier, award","Crossref Funder Registry — canonical funder identifiers for funding metadata","RDA-F2-01M — rich metadata provided to allow discovery (funding is part of the descriptive reco"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]}},"actions":[{"key":"r_reuse_license","dimension":"R","label":"Reuse licence","action":"Attach a standard, machine-readable open licence to the deposit — CC0 or CC BY, which is what Horizon Europe and most funders expect — and print the licence identifier in the paper. 'Free to use' is not a licence: it grants nothing a reuser's institution can rely on.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"SLICE-3D is released under a Creative Commons non-commercial attribution (CC-BY NC) license","why":"The primary dataset is licensed under CC-BY-NC, which is not an open standard license. [majority verdict 'partial' (3/4 passes agreed)]","gain":8.33,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"i_open_nonproprietary_format","dimension":"I","label":"Open file format","action":"Release the data in an open, community-standard format (CSV/TSV, JSON, HDF5, NetCDF, FASTQ, VCF, NIfTI…) instead of — or alongside — any proprietary or instrument-native format, and name the format in the paper. A dataset that needs a €2,000 licence to open is not reusable.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"Each example consists of a.jpg file and associated metadata","why":"The paper names JPEG as the file format, which is not on the list of open research formats. [majority verdict 'partial' (3/4 passes agreed)]","gain":4.17,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","dimension":"F","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","action":"Add a 'Data Records' section: itemise every file in the deposit and every variable or sample it holds, with counts and units. Describe the dataset as an object in its own right, not as a by-product of the findings — this is what makes it discoverable to someone who is not looking for your paper.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"More information on each metadata field is listed in Table 1.","why":"The paper provides an itemised inventory of the dataset's fields (Table 1). [downgraded to 'partial' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'partial' (3/4 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"essential","scored":false},{"key":"a_access_conditions_stated","dimension":"A","label":"Access level labelled","action":"State the access level in words, using the standard vocabulary: 'These data are open access' / 'These data are controlled access'. A reader — and a harvester — should not have to infer the access level from the presence of a download link.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"SLICE-3D, comprising all data from the seven institutions, is permanently available at https://doi.org/10.34970/2024-slice-3d59.","why":"The paper describes the data as 'permanently available' but does not use an explicit access-level label from the standard vocabulary. [majority verdict 'partial' (3/4 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","dimension":"R","label":"Documentation / codebook","action":"Ship a README and a data dictionary IN the deposit — every file, every variable, its units, its allowed values, its missing-value codes. It is the cheapest single thing that makes a dataset usable by someone who was not in the lab, and a table buried in the article does not travel with the data.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"More information on each metadata field is listed in Table 1.","why":"Variable definitions are provided inside the article (Table 1), not in a separate documentation file shipped with the data. [downgraded to 'no' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'no' (2/4 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","dimension":"A","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","action":"Route sensitive data through an institutional gatekeeper — deposit in a controlled- access repository (dbGaP, EGA) with a Data Access Committee and a published DUA — rather than through the corresponding author's inbox. An author-gated dataset dies with the author's email address, and 'on reasonable request' has been shown repeatedly not to yield data. For sensitive/human clinical / human-subjects data, use a controlled-access repository such as dbGaP or EGA.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"Both versions are stored on the ISIC Archive.","why":"The paper names the ISIC Archive as the repository but does not identify any gatekeeper (institutional or personal) for access to the sensitive human-subject data.","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false}],"suggestions":["Attach a standard, machine-readable open licence to the deposit — CC0 or CC BY, which is what Horizon Europe and most funders expect — and print the licence identifier in the paper. 'Free to use' is not a licence: it grants nothing a reuser's institution can rely on.","Release the data in an open, community-standard format (CSV/TSV, JSON, HDF5, NetCDF, FASTQ, VCF, NIfTI…) instead of — or alongside — any proprietary or instrument-native format, and name the format in the paper. A dataset that needs a €2,000 licence to open is not reusable.","Add a 'Data Records' section: itemise every file in the deposit and every variable or sample it holds, with counts and units. Describe the dataset as an object in its own right, not as a by-product of the findings — this is what makes it discoverable to someone who is not looking for your paper.","State the access level in words, using the standard vocabulary: 'These data are open access' / 'These data are controlled access'. A reader — and a harvester — should not have to infer the access level from the presence of a download link.","Ship a README and a data dictionary IN the deposit — every file, every variable, its units, its allowed values, its missing-value codes. It is the cheapest single thing that makes a dataset usable by someone who was not in the lab, and a table buried in the article does not travel with the data."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fulltext_source":"unpaywall_pdf"},"fair_model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","fair_agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fair_fulltext_source":"unpaywall_pdf","fair_has_llm":true,"fair_computed_at":"2026-07-20T11:24:48.852632Z","clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}