{"doi":"10.1038/s41541-025-01299-3","title":"Immunogenicity and efficacy of homologous and heterologous NDV and MVA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in mice and hamsters","abstract":"Effective vaccination strategies adaptable to emerging viruses like SARS-CoV-2 and capable of inducing robust protective immunity are needed. We evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of homologous and heterologous prime/boost regimens against SARS-CoV-2 in K18-hACE2 mice and Syrian hamsters using Newcastle disease virus (NDV-HXP-S, intranasal) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA-S(3P), intramuscular) vectors encoding a prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein. All regimens protected against weight loss and markedly reduced viral replication and lung pathology. Vaccination induced serum anti-S and anti-receptor binding domain IgGs and neutralizing antibodies against ancestral virus and variants. In mice, mucosal anti-S IgA and IgG were detected after NDV-HXP-S immunization. Homologous MVA-S(3P)/MVA-S(3P) and heterologous NDV-HXP-S/MVA-S(3P) elicited higher polyfunctional systemic T-cell responses, while homologous NDV-HXP-S/NDV-HXP-S induced stronger pulmonary CD8 + T cells. Hamsters vaccinated with NDV-HXP-S exhibited protection of the upper respiratory tract, with the NDV-HXP-S/MVA-S(3P) regimen showing a trend toward reduced direct contact transmission of SARS-CoV-2. These findings demonstrate the capacity of NDV and MVA vector platforms to induce robust systemic and mucosal antigen-specific humoral and T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2, contributing to protection against both disease and transmission, and support further exploration of these vector platforms for vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and potentially other pathogens.","journal":"npj Vaccines","year":2025,"id":582745,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9541,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":104917,"name":"Kaijun Jiang","orcid":"0000-0002-3607-2220","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":353671,"name":"Irene González‐Domínguez","orcid":"0000-0002-7920-5505","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1494742,"name":"Daniel Rodríguez-Martín","orcid":"0000-0002-6838-6355","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1234555,"name":"Adam Abdeljawad","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2417,"name":"Anastasija Čupić","orcid":"0000-0002-1291-1042","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":272524,"name":"Stefan Slamanig","orcid":"0000-0003-3694-6597","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1494743,"name":"Sara Flores","orcid":"0000-0002-4750-4244","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1495105,"name":"María A. Noriega","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":913379,"name":"Pedro J. Sánchez‐Cordón","orcid":"0000-0002-7202-6475","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":869952,"name":"Nicholas Lemus","orcid":"0009-0006-9055-6513","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":870604,"name":"Tsoi Ying Lai","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":272522,"name":"Weina Sun","orcid":"0000-0002-2435-5047","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":974080,"name":"Mariano Estéban","orcid":"0000-0003-0846-2827","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1489,"name":"Adolfo Garcı́a-Sastre","orcid":"0000-0002-6551-1827","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1483952,"name":"Juan García‐Arriaza","orcid":"0000-0002-5167-5724","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1494741,"name":"Patricia Pérez","orcid":"0000-0001-8983-6784","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":75,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:58:59.653747Z","pmid":"41271759","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}